General Description
A clear colorless liquid with a pleasant odor. Flash point 58°F. Less dense than water, Vapors are heavier than air.
Reactivity Profile
N-PROPYL ACETATE(109-60-4) is an ester. N-PROPYL ACETATE(109-60-4) is colorless, highly flammable liquid, moderately toxic. Dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat, flame, sparks, or strong oxidizers. When heated to decomposition N-PROPYL ACETATE(109-60-4) emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes [Lewis, 3rd ed., 1993, p. 1093].
Air & Water Reactions
Highly flammable. Slightly soluble in water.
Hazard
Flammable, dangerous fire risk, explosive
limits in air 2–8%. Eye and upper respiratory tract
irritant.
Health Hazard
Contact with skin and eyes causes no serious injury. High vapor concentrations will be irritating and will cause nausea, vomiting, and dizziness, with final loss of consciousness.
Potential Exposure
Propyl acetate is a used as a solvent
for plastics and cellulose ester resins; perfume ingredient;
component of food flavoring. It is also used as a chemical
intermediate.
Fire Hazard
HIGHLY FLAMMABLE: Will be easily ignited by heat, sparks or flames. Vapors may form explosive mixtures with air. Vapors may travel to source of ignition and flash back. Most vapors are heavier than air. They will spread along ground and collect in low or confined areas (sewers, basements, tanks). Vapor explosion hazard indoors, outdoors or in sewers. Runoff to sewer may create fire or explosion hazard. Containers may explode when heated. Many liquids are lighter than water.
First aid
If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove any
contact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least
15 minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek
medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts the
skin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediately
with soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately.
If this chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure,
begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions, includ-
ing resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and CPR if
heart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a medical
facility. When this chemical has been swallowed, get medi-
cal attention. Give large quantities of water and induce
vomiting. Do not make an unconscious person vomit.
Shipping
UN1276 n-Propyl acetate, Hazard Class: 3;
Labels: 3-Flammable liquid.
Incompatibilities
Contact with nitrates, strong oxidizers;
strong alkalis; strong acids; may pose risk of fire and
explosions. Attacks plastic.
Description
Propyl acetate, also known as propyl ethanoate, is an organic compound with a molecular formula of C5H10O2. It is a clear and colourless liquid with with a mild fruity odor. It is highly flammable with a flash point of 14°C and a flammability rating of 3. It is highly miscible with all common organic solvents (alcohols, ketones, glycols, esters) but has only slight miscibility in water. Propyl acetate is found in apple and formed by the esterification of acetic acid and 1-propanol (known as acondensation reaction), often via Fischer–Speier esterification, with sulfuric acid as a catalyst and water produced as a byproduct. It is primarily intended as a solvent in the coatings and printing inks industries. It is widely used in fragrances and as a flavor additive due to its odor. It also acts as a good solvent for cellulose nitrate, acrylates, alkyd resins, rosin, plasticizers, waxes, oils and fats.
Chemical Properties
colourless liquid with a strong odour
Chemical Properties
n-Propyl acetate is a colorless liquid with
a mild, fruity odor. The Odor Threshold is 70 milligram
per cubic meter and 2.8 milligram per cubic meter
(New Jersey Fact Sheet).
Chemical Properties
Propyl acetate has a fruity (pear–raspberry) odor with a pleasant, bittersweet flavor reminiscent of pear on dilution.
Waste Disposal
Dissolve or mix the
material with a combustible solvent and burn in a chemical
incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber.
All federal, state, and local environmental regulations must
be observed.
Physical properties
Clear, colorless, flammable liquid with a pleasant, pear-like odor. Experimentally determined
detection and recognition odor threshold concentrations were 200 μg/m3 (48 ppbv) and 600 μg/m3
(140 ppbv), respectively (Hellman and Small, 1974). An odor threshold concentration of 240 ppbv
was determined by a triangular odor bag method (Nagata and Takeuchi, 1990). Cometto-Mu?iz
and Cain (1991) reported an average nasal pungency threshold concentration of 17,575 ppmv.
Occurrence
Reported found in apple, apple juice, apricot, banana, black currants, guava, grapes, melon, peach, pears, pineapple,
plum, strawberry, tomato, vinegar, wheat and rye bread, feta cheese, Gruyere cheese, domiati cheese, yogurt, beef fat, beer,
cognac, bourbon and malt whiskey, cider, grape wines, cocoa, potato chips, honey, passion fruit, starfruit, fig, prickly pear, jackfruit,
litchi, sake, loquat, mountain papaya, arrack, nectarine and pepino fruit.
Uses
manufacturing flavors, perfumes. Solvent for resins, cellulose derivatives, plastics.
Uses
n-Propyl acetate is used as a solvent forcellulose derivatives, plastics, and resins;in flavors and perfumes; and in organicsynthesis.
Uses
Solvent; in flavoring agents and
perfumes.
Definition
ChEBI: An acetate ester obtained by the formal condensation of acetic acid with propanol.
Preparation
By direct acetylation of propyl alcohol.
Production Methods
n-Propyl acetate is manufactured from acetic acid and a
mixture of propene and propane in the presence of a zinc
chloride catalyst. It is used as a solvent for nitrocellulose-
based lacquers, waxes, polyamide inks, acrylic inks, and
insecticide formulations .
Manufacturers include Eastman Chemical Company,
Hoechst Celanese Corporation, and Union Carbide
Corporation.
Aroma threshold values
Detection: 2.7 to 11 ppm. Aroma characteristics at 1.0%: pungent, solventlike ethereal, fruity lift, green
banana sweet with an apple and tropical fruit nuance.
Taste threshold values
Taste characteristics at 10 to 15 ppm: bubble gum estery, fruity, ethereal, tutti-frutti, banana and honey.
Flammability and Explosibility
Highlyflammable
Chemical Reactivity
Reactivity with Water No reaction; Reactivity with Common Materials: No reactions; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Not pertinent; Polymerization: Not pertinent; Inhibitor of Polymerization: Not pertinent.
Environmental Fate
Photolytic. Reported rate constants for the reaction of n-propyl acetate and OH radicals in the
atmosphere and aqueous solution are 2.7 x 10-12 cm3/molecule?sec (Hendry and Kenley, 1979) and
2.30 x 10-13 cm3/molecule?sec (Wallington et al., 1988b).
Chemical/Physical. Slowly hydrolyzes in water forming acetic acid and 1-propanol.
At an influent concentration of 1,000 mg/L, treatment with GAC resulted in an effluent
concentration of 248 mg/L. The adsorbability of the carbon used was 149 mg/g carbon (Guisti et
al., 1974).
Purification Methods
Wash the ester with saturated aqueous NaHCO3 until neutral, then with saturated aqueous NaCl. Dry it with MgSO4 and fractionally distil it. [Beilstein 2 IV 138.]
References
1.https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propyl_acetate
2.http://www.hmdb.ca/metabolites/HMDB34237
3.http://www.eastman.com/Pages/ProductHome.aspx?product=71001052
4.http://www.khchemicals.com/zh/categories/acetates/n-propyl-acetate/
5.https://www.alfa.com/zh-cn/catalog/L15355/
6.http://product-finder.basf.com/group/corporate/product-finder/en/brand/N_PROPYL_ACETATE
