Currently, concentrated sulfuric acid is commonly used for the esterification of decanoates, but this method involves numerous side reactions, difficult product post-processing, equipment corrosion, and environmental pollution. In recent years, research on supported heteropoly acids (salts) has received widespread attention. Heteropoly acids are a type of solid superacid and are green and environmentally friendly catalysts that can replace liquid acids. In both homogeneous and heterogeneous systems, they can serve as high-performance acid-base, redox, or bifunctional catalysts, possessing advantages such as high activity, non-corrosiveness to equipment, and low pollution. Supporting heteropoly acids on solid supports can significantly increase their specific surface area and catalytic activity, exhibiting low-temperature, rapid, and highly efficient heterogeneous catalyst characteristics in many organic synthesis reactions. This has become a current hot topic in heteropoly acid catalysis research.
