Atractyloside is a natural heteroglucoside produced in some plants, including A. gummifera. Atractyloside prevents mitochondrial ATP synthesis by inhibiting ADP/ATP translocases, which are responsible for the exchange of adenine di- and triphosphates across the inner mitochondrial membrane.
White crystalline powder, soluble in organic solvents such as methanol, ethanol, and DMSO, derived from Xanthium sibiricum, Atractylodes lancea, and Atractylodes macrocephala.
Atractyloside Dipotassium Salt is an inhibitor of ANT and apoptosis inducer.
Atractyloside (2-4 mg/kg, i.p., 2 weeks before feeding duration ends) potassium salt protects mice against liver steatosis by activation of autophagy via ANT-AMPK-mTORC1 signaling pathway[13].
Atractyloside (50 mg/kg, i.p.) potassium salt produces a tubular nephrosis 180 min after its administration in male albino rats[14].
| Animal Model: | Male ICR wide-type (WT) mice (feed with a high-fat diet (HFD))[13] |
| Dosage: | 2, 4 mg/kg |
| Administration: | Intraperitoneal injection (i.p.), 2 weeks before the feeding duration ends |
| Result: | Reversed the changes of body weight, RW of liver and epididymal fat, and the serum AST level.
Improved the NAFLD steatosis and decrease HFD-induced lipid accumulation in the liver.
Decreased the protein expression of p-mTOR and the value of p-mTOR/mTOR.
Increased the protein expression of LC3A/B-Ⅱ and ATG7.
Increased amount of colocalization of LC3B and PLIN2.
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[1]. yamaguchi n, kagari t, kasai m. inhibition of the ryanodine receptor calcium channel in the sarcoplasmic reticulum of skeletal muscle by an adp/atp translocase inhibitor, atractyloside. biochem biophys res commun, 1999, 258(2): 247-251.
[2]. pick-kober kh, schneider f. proliferation, macromolecular synthesis and energy metabolism of in vitro grown ehrlich ascites tumor cells after inhibition of atp-adp translocation by atractyloside. eur j cell biol, 1984, 34(2): 323-329.
[3]. malekova l, kominkova v, ferko m, et al. bongkrekic acid and atractyloside inhibits chloride channels from mitochondrial membranes of rat heart. biochim biophys acta, 2007, 1767(1): 31-44.
