Trophenium ,American Cyanamid (AHP), US ,1961
330 g (1.2 M) of homatropine were dissolved in 1 liter of dry methyl ethyl ketone and gently refluxed on a water-bath during the gradual addition of a solution of 204 g (1.32 M) redistilled phenacyl chloride in 200 ml of the same solvent. After 10 to 15 minutes 1 g of previously prepared homatropine phenacyl chloride was added to avoid formation of a supersaturated solution of the quaternary compound. Reflux was continued for 9 hours, then the thick suspension was allowed to cool, filtered and washed with 200 ml methyl ethyl ketone to yield 490 g (95%) slightly creamy solid, MP 188°C to 191°C.
For purification the crude quaternary salt was dissolved in hot ethyl alcohol (2 ml/g) and warm dry acetone (8 ml/g) was stirred into the clear filtrate. On cooling, 387 g (78 % recovery) of a pure white powder, MP 195°C to 197°C, were obtained, in which the ionizable chlorine assayed at 99.7% of the theoretical value.
