ChEBI: Butan-2-ol is a secondary alcohol that is butane substituted by a hydroxy group at position 2. It derives from a hydride of a butane.
Butyl alcohols are used as solvents for
paints, lacquers, varnishes, natural and synthetic resins,
gums, vegetable oils, dyes, camphor, and alkaloids. They
are also used as an intermediate in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals and chemicals; in the manufacture of artificial
leather, safety glass; rubber and plastic cements, shellac,
raincoats, photographic films, perfumes; and in plastic
fabrication.
UN1120 Butanols, Hazard Class: 3; Labels: 3—
Flammable liquid. UN1212 Isobutanol or Isobutyl alcohol,
Hazard Class: 3; Labels: 3—Flammable liquid
Purification methods are the same as for n-Butanol. These include drying with K2CO3 or CaSO4, followed by filtration and fractional distillation, refluxing with CaO, distillation, then refluxing with magnesium and redistillation, and refluxing with, then distilling from CaH2. Calcium carbide has also been used as a drying agent. The anhydrous alcohol is obtained by refluxing with sec-butyl phthalate or succinate. (For method see Ethanol.) Small amounts of alcohol can be purified via conversion to the alkyl hydrogen phthalate and recrystallisation [Hargreaves J Chem Soc 3679 1956]. For purification of optical isomers, see Timmermans and Martin [J Chem Phys 25 411 1928]. [Beilstein 2 III 1566.]
Butyl alcohols may form explosive mixture with air. In all cases they are Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates,
perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may
cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides. Attacks
some plastics, rubber and coatings. n-Butanol is incompatible with strong acids; halogens, caustics, alkali metals; aliphatic amines; isocyanates. sec-Butanol forms an explosive
peroxide in air. Ignites with chromium trioxide.
Incompatible with strong oxidizers; strong acids; aliphatic
amines; isocyanates, organic peroxides. tert-Butanol is
incompatible with strong acids (including mineral acid),
including mineral acids; strong oxidizers or caustics, aliphatic amines; isocyanates, alkali metals (i.e., lithium,
sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, francium). isoButanol is incompatible with strong acids; strong oxidizers;
caustics, aliphatic amines; isocyanates, alkali metals and
alkali earth. May react with aluminum at high temperatur
Incineration, or bury absorbed
waste in an approved land fill.
