Four distinct human isoenzymes of alkaline phosphatase (AP) are known: intestinal (IAP), placental (PLAP), tissue non-specific (NSAP, also known as liver/bone/kidney AP), and germ cell AP (also known as placental-like AP, PLAP-like). L-p-Bromotetramisole is a cell-permeable inhibitor of all four human AP isoenzymes (Kis =18 and 56 μM for PLAP and NSAP, respectively). While PLAP is strongly inhibited by L-p-bromotetramisole, a second AP, possibly PLAP-like, shows only partial inhibition. L-p-Bromotetramisole has been shown to inhibit a tyrosine phosphatase from Drosophila and, as a result, is also used as a tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor.
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L-p-Bromotetramisole Oxalate or (-)-p-Bromotetramisole Oxalate is a potent inhibitor of alkaline phosphatase.
(-)-p-Bromolevamisole oxalate inhibits L-isoforms of alkaline phosphatases.
1) Kovach?et al. (1992),?Levamisole potentiation of fluorouracil antiproliferative activity mimicked by orthovanadate, an inhibitor of tyrosine phosphatase; J. Natl. Cancer Inst.,?84?515
2) Luo et al. (2000),?Role of protein phosphatases in the activation of CTFR (ABCC7) by genistein and bromotetramisole;?Am. J. Physiol. Cell Physiol.,?279?C108
3) Scher?et al.?(1998),?The phosphatase inhibitors, orthovanadate and levamisole, inhibit induction of erythroid differentiation and abrogate the associated inhibition of glycolysis; Int. J. Oncol.,?12?987
