Senegenin

Tenuigenin is a triterpenoid sapogenin that has been found in P. tenuifolia and has diverse biological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. It inhibits IL-1β and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production from LPS-induced mouse BV2 microglia at a concentration of 4 μM. Tenuigenin (25 mg/kg per day) decreases NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation and prevents dopaminergic neuronal degeneration in the mouse substantia nigra pars compacta in an MPTP-induced model of Parkinson''s disease. Tenuigenin (2 mg/kg) also reduces increases in lung edema and the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in a mouse model of intranasal S. aureus-induced pneumonia.

White crystalline powder, soluble in organic solvents such as methanol, ethanol, and DMSO, derived from Polygala tenuifolia.

Tenuifgenin is a Chinese herbal extract with anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects involving toxin induced cell models of Parkinson’s disease.

ChEBI: Senegenin is a 12alpha-hydroxy steroid.

NF-κB

[1] J. J. DUGAN A S P Mayo. TERPENOIDS: V. SENEGENIN: FUNCTIONAL GROUPS AND PART STRUCTURE[J]. Canadian Journal of Chemistry, 1964, 143 1: 491-501. DOI: 10.1139/v64-073
[2] ZHENG FAN. Tenuigenin protects dopaminergic neurons from inflammation via suppressing NLRP3 inflammasome activation in microglia.[J]. Journal of Neuroinflammation, 2017: 256. DOI: 10.1186/s12974-017-1036-x
[3] BIN YU . Protective effects of tenuigenin on Staphylococcus aureus-induced pneumonia in mice[J]. Microbial pathogenesis, 2017, 110: Pages 385-389. DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2017.07.023