Transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) is a member of the transient receptor potential (TRP) family that is activated or sensitized by a variety of endogenous stimuli as a result of tissue injury and inflammation. TRPV1 is upregulated during inflammation and plays a role in the perception of pain. Capsazepine is a competitive antagonist of transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1 (TRPV1) which blocks the capsaicin-induced uptake of Ca2+ in neonatal rat dorsal root ganglia with an IC50 of 0.42 μM and Chinese hamster ovary cells with an IC50 of 17 nM. It does not block acid- or heat-induced activation of TRPV1 and may block receptors other than TRPV1.
Capsazepine has been used as a transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) antagonist:
- to study its effect on capsaicin induced extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) phosphorylation
- to study the role of TRPV1 in central terminals on nociception in rats
- for functional characterization of the TRPV1 in bull spermatozoa
A selective vanilloid receptor antagonist (Ki=3.2uM
Capsazepine is shown to inhibit the development of mechanical hyperalgesia induced by intraplanar capsaicin injection. Capsazepine is described to block Resiniferatoxin (sc-24015)- and Capsaicin-induced contractions of guinea pig treacheal smooth muscle. Studies investigating the function of the VR1 (TRPV1 receptor) have employed Capsazepine as a tool for perturbing systemic neuronal response to Capsaicin.
ChEBI: A benzazepine that is 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-2-benzazepine which is substituted by hydroxy groups at positions 7 and 8 and on the nitrogen atom by a 2-(p-chlorophenyl)ethylaminothiocarbonyl group. A synthetic analogue of caps
icin, it was the first reported capsaicin receptor antagonist.
Selective vanilloid receptor antagonist (K i = 3.2 μ M). Inhibits carrageenan inflammation-induced hyperalgesic responses in the rat. Also activates amiloride-sensitive epithelial Na + channel ENaC δ . Also available as part of the Vanilloid TRPV1 Receptor Tocriset™ .
Capsazepine is a synthetic analog of capsaicin and a transient receptor potential vanilloid-1 (TRPV1) antagonist. It exhibits anti-proliferative and anti-cancer effects in various cancer types including oral squamous cell carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), breast cancer, and prostate cancer cell lines (HSC-3, H460, MDA-231, and PC-3 respectively). Capsazepine recovers impaired lung mechanics during endotoxemia and it may be a potential therapeutic target for acute lung injury (ALI).
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