Dextromethorphan hydrobromide monohydrate

Dextromethorphan (DXM) is a dextratrorotatory morphinan with structural similarity to levorphanol, codeine, and morphine. Because of its strong antitussive effects, dextromethorphan is widely used as a cough suppressant. However, it does not provoke opioid activity as is characteristic of several other morphine derivatives. DXM binds to and inhibits NMDA (IC50 = 0.55 μM) and nicotinic receptors (IC50s = 0.7-3.9 μM) and blocks receptor-gated and voltage-gated calcium channels (IC50 = 60 μM) and voltage-gated sodium channels (IC50 = 78 μM). DXM has been used in multimodal analgesic therapies for acute and neuropathic pain.