Gly-Arg-Gly-Asp-Ser-Pro-Lys (RGD peptide) has been used-as a blocking peptide to inhibit integrin-fibronectin bindingin adhesion assay performed on porcine trophectoderm to study the influence of TGFβ (transforming growth factor) on cell adhesionfor incubation of MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells to determine its effect on cell adhesion measured by AFM (atomic force microscopy)for the preparation of RGD.Flt23k.NR nanoparticlesto determine the involvement of RGD-integrin bonding in cell adhesion process