푸란

그림문자(GHS)

• 그림문자(GHS)

  

• 신호 어

  Danger

• 유해·위험 문구

  H224：극인화성 액체 및 증기

  H315：피부에 자극을 일으킴

  H341：유전적인 결함을 일으킬 것으로 의심됨 (노출되어도 생식세포 유전독성을 일으키지 않는다는 결정적인 증거가 있는 노출경로가 있다면 노출경로 기재)

  H350：암을 일으킬 수 있음 (노출되어도 암을 일으키지 않는다는 결정적인 증거가 있는 노출경로가 있다면 노출경로 기재)

  H373：장기간 또는 반복 노출되면 장기(또는, 영향을 받은 알려진 모든 장기를 명시)에 손상을 일으킬 수 있음

  H412：장기적 영향에 의해 수생생물에 유해함

• 예방조치문구

  P210：열·스파크·화염·고열로부터 멀리하시오 - 금연 하시오.

  P233：용기를 단단히 밀폐하시오. 용기는 환기가 잘 되는 곳에 단단히 밀폐하여 보관하시오.

  P273：환경으로 배출하지 마시오.

  P308+P313：노출 또는 접촉이 우려되면 의학적인 조치· 조언를 구하시오.

  P403+P233：용기는 환기가 잘 되는 곳에 단단히 밀폐하여 저장하시오.

푸란 화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

• 개요

  Furan occurs naturally in oils distilled from rosin containing pinewood. In addition, many natural foods contain the furan ring structure and substituted furans may be formed through cooking of simple carbohydrates. Furan is also found in tobacco smoke as well as wood smoke and gas emissions from gasoline and diesel engines. Furan has also been detected in industrial effluents and can be emitted to the air from petroleum refineries and coal-mining and gasification plants.

• 화학적 성질

  Furan is a cyclic dienic ether stabilized by benzene-like resonance. Because of its conjugated unsaturation and heterocyclic atom, furan will undergo many types of reactions. It is, therefore, of interest as a chemical intermediate for pharmaceuticals, insecticides and fine chemicals. The heterocyclic oxygen atom in a ring with conjugated unsaturation gives furan a combination of ether, aromatic and olefinic characteristics. This polyfunctionality permits it to undergo a variety of reactions. Compared to benzene, the furan ring has greater reactivity, and is more susceptible to cleavage, thus resembling the vinyl ethers. Like the vinyl ethers, the furan ring is cleaved by aqueous acids. This reaction is accompanied by resinification .

• 용도

  Furan is a five-membered heterocyclic aromatic ring. Furan is used as a building block for the preparation of many heterocyclic compounds.

• 정의

  A heterocyclic liquid organic compound. Its five-membered ring contains four carbon atoms and one oxygen atom. The structure is characteristic of some monosaccharide sugars (furanoses).

• 일반 설명

  Furan is a stable, colourless chemical liquid. It is highly flammable and forms explosive mixtures with air. It is incompatible with many other chemical substances, for example, strong oxidising agents, acids, peroxides, and oxygen. Furan is produced commercially by decarbonylation of furfural. It is used mainly in the production of tetrahydrofuran, thiophene, and pyrrole. It also occurs naturally in certain woods and during the combustion of coal and is found in engine exhausts, wood smoke, and tobacco smoke.

• 공기와 물의 반응

  Highly flammable. When uninhibited, Furan forms explosive peroxides on exposure to air. Insoluble in water.

• 반응 프로필

  Furan is sensitive to heat and may turn brown upon standing. Furan may be light sensitive. When uninhibited, Furan forms explosive peroxides on exposure to air. Furan may react with oxidizers, acids, peroxides and oxygen. Furan resinifies on evaporation or when in contact with mineral acids, but Furan is stable in alkalis. .

• 위험도

  Flammable, dangerous fire risk, flammable limits 2–24%, forms peroxides on exposure to air. Absorbed by skin. Possible carcinogen.

• 건강위험

  The vapors are narcotic. Acute exposure to Furan by inhalation may involve both reversible and irreversible changes. Acute exposure by ingestion or skin absorption, as well as chronic exposure, are associated with high toxicity.

• 화재위험

  Very dangerous, upon exposure to heat or flame. Furan may form unstable peroxides on exposure to air. Contact with acids can initiate a violent, heat producing reaction. Avoid acids, oxidizing agents. Upon standing in air, Furan may form unstable peroxides.

• Safety Profile

  Confirmed carcinogen. Poison by inhalation and intraperitoneal routes. Moderately toxic by ingestion and skin contact. Experimental reproductive effects. A narcotic. Mutation data reported. The exposure concentration limit of 10 ppm together with its low boiling point requires that adequate ventilation be provided in areas where ths chemical is handled. Contact with liquid must be avoided since this chemical can be absorbed through the skin. Washing thoroughly with soap and water followed by prolonged rinsing should be done immedlatelp after accidental contact. A very dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat or flame; can react with oxidzing materials. Unstabdized, it may form unstable peroxides on exposure to air and should always be tested before ddlation. Washing with an aqueous solution of ferrous sulfate slightly acidified with sodum bisulfate will remove these peroxides. Confirm by test. Contact with acids can initiate a violent exothermic reaction. Moderate explosion hazard when exposed to flame. Furan's low bohg point makes it easy to obtain explosive concentrations of the vapor in inadequately ventilated areas. To fight fire, use CO2, dr). chemical. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. See also PEROXIDES.

• 잠재적 노출

  Furan is used as a chemical intermedi ate in the production of herbicides and pharmaceuticals; for making tetrahydrofuran; in formation of lacquers; as a sol vent for resins in organic synthesis, especially for pyrrole, thiophene.

• Carcinogenicity

  Furan is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in experimental animals.

• 환경귀착

  Furan may be released to the environment as a waste industrial product or from unintentional or accidental releases. If released to soil, it is expected to volatilize. If released to water, furan is not expected to adsorb to suspended particles and sediment and is likely to volatilize to ambient air. Sulfate-reducing bacteria can degrade furan. However, under nonsulfate-reducing conditions, biodegradation in soil and water is expected to be slow. In the air, furan will exist as a vapor and will be subject to degradation by reacting with hydroxyl radicals.

• 운송 방법

  UN2389 Furan, Hazard Class: 3; Labels: 3-Flammable liquid.

• Purification Methods

  Shake it with aqueous 5% KOH, dry it with CaSO4 or Na2SO4, then distil it under nitrogen, from KOH or sodium, immediately before use. A trace of hydroquinone could be added as an inhibitor of oxidation. [Beilstein 17 H 27, 17 I 16, 17 II 34, 17/1 V 291.]

• 비 호환성

  May form explosive mixture with air. Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong acids, amines, strong bases, reducing agents. Unless stabilized with an inhibitor, air exposure forms unstable peroxides.

• 폐기물 처리

  Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≥100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations govern ing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposal.

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