Cefpodoxime

그림문자(GHS)

• 그림문자(GHS)

  

• 신호 어

  Danger

• 유해·위험 문구

  H317：알레르기성 피부 반응을 일으킬 수 있음

  H334：흡입 시 알레르기성 반응, 천식 또는 호흡 곤란 등을 일으킬 수 있음

• 예방조치문구

  P261：분진·흄·가스·미스트·증기·...·스프레이의 흡입을 피하시오.

  P280：보호장갑/보호의/보안경/안면보호구를 착용하시오.

  P342+P311：호흡기 증상이 나타나면 의료기관(의사)의 진찰을 받으시오.

Cefpodoxime 화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

• 화학적 성질

  Off-White Solid

• 용도

  A metabolite of Cefpodoxime Proxetil. An antibacterial.

• 정의

  ChEBI: A third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic with methoxymethyl and (2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-(methoxyimino)acetamino substituents at positions 3 and 7, respectively, of the cephem skeleton. Given by mouth as its proxetil ester prodrug, it is used to treat acute otitis media, pharyngitis, and sinusitis.

• Antimicrobial activity

  It is stable to a wide range of plasmid-mediated β-lactamases. It induces the chromosomal β-lactamases of Ps. aeruginosa, Enterobacter spp., S. marcescens and Citrobacter spp., but is a less potent inducer than cefoxitin.

• Pharmacokinetics

  Oral absorption: c. 50%
  C_max 200 mg oral: 2.1 mg/L after 3 h
  Plasma half-life: c. 2.2 h
  Volume of distribution: c. 35 L
  Plasma protein binding: 20–30%
  Absorption and distribution
  The ester is rapidly hydrolyzed to the parent compound in the small intestine. Bioavailability increases to 65% if taken with food, but antacids and H2-receptor antagonists reduce absorption. Unabsorbed drug is hydrolyzed and excreted in the feces.
  It is well distributed and penetrates well into tissues (including lung tissue) and inflammatory exudate to achieve concentrations inhibitory to common pathogens.
  Metabolism and excretion
  The hydrolyzed prodrug is not subject to further metabolism. About 80% of the absorbed compound (30–40% of the original dose) appears in the urine over 24 h. Excretion is by glomerular filtration and tubular secretion; probenecid delays secretion and increases the peak plasma concentration.
  Metabolism and excretion
  The hydrolyzed prodrug is not subject to further metabolism. About 80% of the absorbed compound (30–40% of the original dose) appears in the urine over 24 h. Excretion is by glomerular filtration and tubular secretion; probenecid delays secretion and increases the peak plasma concentration.
  

• Clinical Use

  Cefpodoxime has been used principally for the treatment of upper and lower respiratory tract infections in children and adults.

• 부작용

  The drug is well tolerated, but gastrointestinal disturbance with diarrhea is common. Pseudomembranous colitis has been reported occasionally. Other side effects are those common to cephalosporins.

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