Disodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate

그림문자(GHS)

• 그림문자(GHS)

  

• 신호 어

  Warning

• 유해·위험 문구

  H302：삼키면 유해함

  H315：피부에 자극을 일으킴

  H319：눈에 심한 자극을 일으킴

  H335：호흡 자극성을 일으킬 수 있음

• 예방조치문구

  P261：분진·흄·가스·미스트·증기·...·스프레이의 흡입을 피하시오.

  P305+P351+P338：눈에 묻으면 몇 분간 물로 조심해서 씻으시오. 가능하면 콘택트렌즈를 제거하시오. 계속 씻으시오.

Disodium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate 화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

• 화학적 성질

  solid

• 용도

  Laxative.

• 정의

  ChEBI: A hydrate that is the dihydrate form of disodium hydrogenphosphate

• 생산 방법

  Either bone phosphate (bone ash), obtained by heating bones to whiteness, or the mineral phosphorite is used as a source of tribasic calcium phosphate, which is the starting material in the industrial production of dibasic sodium phosphate.
  Tribasic calcium phosphate is finely ground and digested with sulfuric acid. This mixture is then leached with hot water and neutralized with sodium carbonate, and dibasic sodium phosphate is crystallized from the filtrate.

• Pharmaceutical Applications

  Dibasic sodium phosphate is used in a wide variety of pharmaceutical formulations as a buffering agent and as a sequestering agent. Therapeutically, dibasic sodium phosphate is used as a mild laxative and in the treatment of hypophosphatemia.
  Dibasic sodium phosphate is also used in food products; for example as an emulsifier in processed cheese.

• Safety

  Dibasic sodium phosphate is widely used as an excipient in parenteral, oral, and topical pharmaceutical formulations. Phosphate occurs extensively in the body and is involved in many physiological processes since it is the principal anion of intracellular fluid. Most foods contain adequate amounts of phosphate, making hypophosphatemia (phosphate deficiency) virtually unknown except for certain disease states or in patients receiving total parenteral nutrition. Treatment is usually by the oral administration of up to 100 mmol of phosphate daily.
  Approximately two-thirds of ingested phosphate is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, virtually all of it being excreted in the urine, and the remainder is excreted in the feces.
  Excessive administration of phosphate, particularly intravenously, rectally, or in patients with renal failure, can cause hyperphosphatemia that may lead to hypocalcemia or other severe electrolyte imbalances. Adverse effects occur less frequently following oral consumption, although phosphates act as mild saline laxatives when administered orally or rectally. Consequently, gastrointestinal disturbances including diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting may occur following the use of dibasic sodium phosphate as an excipient in oral formulations. However, the level of dibasic sodium phosphate used as an excipient in a pharmaceutical formulation is not usually associated with adverse effects.
  LD50 (rat, oral): 17 g/kg

• 저장

  The anhydrous form of dibasic sodium phosphate is hygroscopic. When heated to 40℃, the dodecahydrate fuses; at 100℃ it loses its water of crystallization; and at a dull-red heat (about 240℃) it is converted into the pyrophosphate, Na4P2O7. Aqueous solutions of dibasic sodium phosphate are stable and may be sterilized by autoclaving.
  The bulk material should be stored in an airtight container, in a cool, dry place.

• 비 호환성

  Dibasic sodium phosphate is incompatible with alkaloids, antipyrine, chloral hydrate, lead acetate, pyrogallol, resorcinol and calcium gluconate, and ciprofloxacin. Interaction between calcium and phosphate, leading to the formation of insoluble calcium-phosphate precipitates, is possible in parenteral admixtures.

• Regulatory Status

  GRAS listed. Accepted in Europe for use as a food additive. Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (injections; infusions; nasal, ophthalmic, oral, otic, topical, and vaginal preparations). Included in nonparenteral and parenteral medicines licensed in the UK. Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable Non-medicinal Ingredients.

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