Ceftazidime

그림문자(GHS)

• 그림문자(GHS)

  

• 신호 어

  Danger

• 유해·위험 문구

  H317：알레르기성 피부 반응을 일으킬 수 있음

  H334：흡입 시 알레르기성 반응, 천식 또는 호흡 곤란 등을 일으킬 수 있음

• 예방조치문구

  P261：분진·흄·가스·미스트·증기·...·스프레이의 흡입을 피하시오.

  P272：작업장 밖으로 오염된 의복을 반출하지 마시오.

  P280：보호장갑/보호의/보안경/안면보호구를 착용하시오.

  P284：호흡 보호구를 착용하시오.

  P302+P352：피부에 묻으면 다량의 물로 씻으시오.

  P333+P313：피부자극성 또는 홍반이 나타나면 의학적인 조치·조언를 구하시오.

Ceftazidime 화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

• 개요

  Ceftazidime is the latest third generation cephalosporin to reach the market. It has one of the broadest spectrums of the cephalosporins, similar in many regards to that of cefotaxime. It is particularly active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, being perhaps 4-5 times more potent in vitro than moxalactam and cefotaxime.

• 화학적 성질

  White Solid

• 용도

  Ceftazidime pentahydrate is an antibacterial agent. It is used especially for Pseudomonas and other gram-negative infections in debilitated patients. It is used in the treatment of patients with infections caused by susceptible strains of organisms in the following diseases: lower respiratory tract infections,skin and skin structure infections, urinary tract infections, bacterial septicemia, bone and joint infections, gynecologic infections, intra abdominal infections (including peritonitis), and central nervous system infections (including meningitis).

• 정의

  ChEBI: A hydrate that is the pentahydrate of ceftazidime, a cephalosporin having 7beta-[(2Z)-2-(2-amino-1,3-thiazol-4-yl)-2-{[(2-carboxypropan-2-yl)oxy]imino}acetyl]amino and 3-pyridinium-1-ylmethyl side-groups.

• Antimicrobial activity

  Its activity is comparable to that of cefotaxime and ceftizoxime, but it is more active against Ps. aeruginosa, including almost all gentamicin-resistant strains, and Burk. cepacia. It is, however, less active against Staph. aureus. It is stable to a wide range of β-lactamases, but is hydrolyzed by some TEM variants.

• Clinical Use

  It is used, often combined with an aminoglycoside, to treat a wide range of severe urinary, respiratory and wound infections, mostly due to enterobacteria or Ps. aeruginosa. Reference is made to its use in pneumonia, septicemia, meningitis (especially if caused by Ps. aeruginosa), peritonitis, osteomyelitis, neonatal sepsis, burns and melioidosis. Concern has been expressed at the relative frequency with which failure is associated with superinfection or the emergence of resistance.

• 부작용

  It is generally well tolerated. Preparations containing arginine have replaced those with sodium carbonate, which causes pain on intramuscular injection. Reactions common to cephalosporins have been observed in some patients, including positive antiglobulin tests without hemolysis, raised liver function test values, eosinophilia, rashes, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia and diarrhea, occasionally associated with toxigenic C. difficile.
  Failure of therapy has been associated with superinfection with resistant organisms, including Staph. aureus, enterococci and Candida. Resistance caused by induction of chromosomal β-lactamases may emerge in Ps. aeruginosa, Ser. marcescens or Enterobacter spp.

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