하프늄 클로라이드

그림문자(GHS)

• 그림문자(GHS)

  

• 신호 어

  Danger

• 유해·위험 문구

  H290：금속을 부식시킬 수 있음

  H314：피부에 심한 화상과 눈에 손상을 일으킴

• 예방조치문구

  P234：원래의 용기에만 보관하시오.

  P260：분진·흄·가스·미스트·증기·...·스프레이를 흡입하지 마시오.

  P280：보호장갑/보호의/보안경/안면보호구를 착용하시오.

  P303+P361+P353：피부(또는 머리카락)에 묻으면 오염된 모든 의복은 벗거나 제거하시오 피부를 물로 씻으시오/샤워하시오.

  P305+P351+P338：눈에 묻으면 몇 분간 물로 조심해서 씻으시오. 가능하면 콘택트렌즈를 제거하시오. 계속 씻으시오.

하프늄 클로라이드 화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

• 화학적 성질

  Hafnium(IV) chloride is the inorganic compound with the formula HfCl4. This colourless solid is the precursor to most hafnium organometallic compounds. It has a variety of highly specialized applications, mainly in materials science and as a catalyst.

• 물리적 성질

  White monoclinic crystal; sublimes at 317°C; melts at 432°C at 33 atm (triple point); critical temperature 452.5°C; critical pressure 53.49 atm; critical volume 314 cm3/mol.
  

• 용도

  Hafnium chloride tetrahydrofuran complex is an efficient catalyst for the Diels-Alder cycloadditions, Ziegler-Natta polymerization of alkenes. It is used as control rods in nuclear reactors and in manufacture of light bulb filaments.

• 제조 방법

  Hafnium(IV) chloride can be prepared
  (i) by chlorination of hafnium dioxide in the presence of carbon:
  HfO₂ + 2Cl₂ + C → HfCl₄ + 2CO
  It also may be prepared by several other methods, such as
  (ii) reaction of carbon tetrachloride with hafnium dioxide above 450°C;
  (iii) heating a mixture of hafnium dioxide and carbon above 700°C;
  and (iv) reaction of chlorine with hafnium at elevated temperatures.

• 화학 반응

  Hafnium(IV) chloride hydrolyzes, evolving hydrogen chloride:
  HfCl4 + H2O→ HfOCl2+ 2 HCl
  Aged samples thus often are contaminated with oxychlorides, which are also colourless.
  THF forms a monomeric 2:1 complex:
  HfCl4+ 2 OC4H8→HfCl4(OC4H8)2

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