탄소

한글명:탄소

카스 번호7440-44-0

상품명:Carbon

CBNumberCB9767902

분자식C

포뮬러 무게12.011

MOL 파일7440-44-0.mol

동의어(한글)

그로세이프

나카르

활성탄

화학적 성질

녹는점	3550 °C (lit.)
끓는 점	500-600 °C(lit.)
밀도	~1.7 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
증기압	<0.1 mm Hg ( 20 °C)
인화점	>230 °F
저장 조건	no restrictions.
용해도	물에 불용성
물리적 상태	막대 모양
Specific Gravity	1.8～2.1 (amorphous)
색상	검은색
수소이온지수(pH)	6-9
냄새	100.00%. 냄새 없는
비저항	1375 μΩ-cm, 20°C (graphite)
수용성	물에 불용성.
Merck	14,1807
BRN	4360473
안정성	안정적인. 강한 산화제와 호환되지 않습니다. 타기 쉬운. 분말 형태로 가연성이 높습니다.
CAS 데이터베이스	7440-44-0(CAS DataBase Reference)
NIST	Carbon(7440-44-0)
EPA	Carbon (7440-44-0)

위험 및 안전 성명

위험품 표기

F,Xn,Xi

위험 카페고리 넘버

36/37-36/37/38-20-10-11

안전지침서

26-36-24/25-22-36/37

유엔번호(UN No.)

UN 1325 4.1/PG 3

WGK 독일

RTECS 번호

FF5250100

자연 발화 온도

842 °F

TSCA

Yes

위험 등급

4.2

포장분류

III

HS 번호

38021000

유해 물질 데이터

7440-44-0(Hazardous Substances Data)

독성

LD50 intravenous in mouse: 440mg/kg

NFPA 704:

	2
1		0

그림문자(GHS)

탄소 MSDS

탄소 화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

개요
All our SWNTs come packed as dry powders, which can be dispersed within the user's solvent of choice.
순도시험

  시험용액의 조제 : 이 품목을 분말은 그대로, 알맹이는 잘 분쇄하여 110～120℃에서 3시간 건조한 다음 4g을 취하여 여기에 질산(1→100) 0.1mL를 가한 물 180mL를 가하고 약하게 끓을 정도로 약 10분간 가열한다. 식힌 다음 물을 가하여 200mL로 하고 정량용여과지(5종C)로 여과한다. 처음 여액 약 30mL는 버리고 나머지 여액을 시험용액으로 하여 다음 (1)～(5)의 시험을 한다.
  (1) 염화물 : 시험용액 1mL를 취하여 염화물시험법에 따라 시험할 때, 그 양은 0.01N 염산 0.3mL에 대응하는 양 이하이어야 한다.
  (2) 황산염 : 시험용액 2.5mL를 취하여 황산염시험법에 따라 시험할 때, 그 양은 0.01N 황산 0.5mL에 대응하는 양 이하이어야 한다.
  (3) 비소 : 이 품목을 비소시험법에 따라 시험할 때, 그 양은 4.0ppm 이하이어야 한다.
  (4) 납 : 시험용액을 원자흡광광도법 또는 유도결합플라즈마발광광도법에 따라 시험할 때, 그 양은 5.0ppm 이하이어야 한다.
  (5) 아연 : 시험용액을 원자흡광광도법 또는 유도결합플라즈마발광광도법에 따라 시험할 때, 그 양은 25ppm 이하이어야 한다.
  (6) 시안화합물 : 이 품목 5g을 정밀히 달아 플라스크에 넣고 물 50mL와 주석산 2g을 가한 다음 증류장치를 연결한다. 수기에는 1N 수산화나트륨용액 2mL와 물 10mL를 가해주고 냉각기 끝이 이 액에 잠기도록 한 다음 수기를 얼음으로 식히면서 증류시켜 유액 25mL를 받는다. 유액에 물을 가하여 50mL로 하고 이 액 25mL에 황산제일철용액(1→20) 1mL를 가하여 끓을 때까지 가열하고 식힌 다음 여과하고 여액에 염산 1mL 및 묽은염화제이철시액 0.5mL를 가할 때, 청색이 나타나서는 아니 된다.
  (7) 방향족탄화수소 : 이 품목 1g에 시클로헥산 12mL를 가해주고 환류냉각기를 부착한 다음 수욕상에서 2시간 가열하고 식힌 액을 시험용액으로 한다. 시험용액을 네슬러관에 취하여 자외선을 조사하여 관찰할 때, 이 액은 황산퀴닌 0.1mg을 0.1N 황산 1,000mL에 녹인 액 12mL를 시험용액과 동일하게 처리하여 얻어진 액의 색보다 진하여서는 아니 된다.
확인시험

(1) 이 품목을 분말은 그대로, 알맹이는 잘 분쇄하여 0.5g을 시험관에 넣고 시험관구로 송풍하면서 직화로 가열하면 불이 발생하지 않고 연소하여 발생하는 가스를 수산화칼륨시액중에 통하면 백탁이 생긴다.
(2) 이 품목을 분말은 그대로, 알맹이는 잘 분쇄하여 0.1g에 묽은메틸렌블루시액 10mL 및 묽은염산 2방울을 가하고 잘 흔들어 섞은 다음 정량용 여과지(5종C)로 여과한 액은 무색이어야 한다.
정의

이 품목은 톱밥, 목편, 야자나무껍질의 식물성섬유질이나 아탄 또는 석유 등의 함탄소물질을 탄화시킨 다음 활성화 시킨 것이다.
화학적 성질
Carbon, C, is a nonmetallic element, grey solid. It is found in nature as graphite (specific gravity2.25), diamond(specific gravity 3.51), and coal (specific gravity 1.88). Carbon is found in all living things, is insoluble in common solvents,and forms an almost infinite numberof organic compounds. Anaturally occurring radioactive isotope,14C, has a half-life of 5780 years and is used in archaeo logical investigations to date artifacts and ancient documents. Other uses of carbon depend on its form. For example, diamonds for jewels and abrasives,graphite for lubricants, activated carbon to absorb color and gases, and wood carbon for fuel are some common examples.
Isotopes
There are 15 isotopes of carbon, two of which are stable. Stable carbon-12makes up 98.89% of the element’s natural abundance in the Earth’s crust, and carbon-13 makes up just 1.11% of carbon’s abundance in the Earth’s crust. All the otherisotopes of carbon are radioactive with half-lives varying from 30 nanoseconds (C-21) to5,730 years (C-14).
Origin of Name
Carbon’s name is derived from the Latin word carbo, which means, “charcoal.”
출처
Carbon is the 14th most abundant element, making up about 0.048% of the Earth’s crust.It is the sixth most abundant element in the universe, which contains 3.5 atoms of carbonfor every atom of silicon. Carbon is a product of the cosmic nuclear process called fusion,through which helium nuclei are “burned” and fused together to form carbon atoms withthe atomic number 12. Only five elements are more abundant in the universe than carbon:hydrogen, helium, oxygen, neon, and nitrogen.
Characteristics
Carbon is, without a doubt, one of the most important elements on Earth. It is the majorelement found in over one million organic compounds and is the minor component in mineralssuch as carbonates of magnesium and calcium (e.g., limestone, marble, and dolomite),coral, and shells of oysters and clams.The carbon cycle, one of the most essential of all biological processes, involves the chemicalconversion of carbon dioxide to carbohydrates in green plants by photosynthesis.
Animalsconsume the carbohydrates and, through the metabolic process, reconvert the carbohydratesback into carbon dioxide, which is returned to the atmosphere to continue the cycle.
용도
Crucibles, retorts, foundry facings, molds, lubricants, paints and coatings, boiler compounds, powder glazing, electrotyping, monochromator in X-ray diffraction analysis, fluorinated graphite polymers with fluorine-to-carbon ratios of 0.1–1.25, electrodes, bricks, chemical equipment, motor and generator brushes, seal rings, rocket nozzles, moderator in nuclear reactors, cathodes in electrolytic cells, pencils, fibers, self-lubricating bearings, intercalation compounds.
정의
The crystalline allotropic form of carbon.
일반 설명
Black grains that have been treated to improve absorptive ability. May heat spontaneously if not properly cooled after manufacture.
공기와 물의 반응
Highly flammable. Dust is explosive when exposed to heat or flame. Freshly prepared material can heat and spontaneously ignite in air. The presence of water assists ignition, as do contaminants such as oils. Insoluble in water.
반응 프로필
Carbon is incompatible with very strong oxidizing agents such as fluorine, ammonium perchlorate, bromine pentafluoride, bromine trifluoride, chlorine trifluoride, dichlorine oxide, chlorine trifluoride, potassium peroxide, etc. . Also incompatible with air, metals, unsaturated oils. [Lewis].
위험도
(Powder, natural) Fire risk.
건강위험
Fire may produce irritating and/or toxic gases. Contact may cause burns to skin and eyes. Contact with molten substance may cause severe burns to skin and eyes. Runoff from fire control may cause pollution.
화재위험
Flammable/combustible material. May be ignited by friction, heat, sparks or flames. Some may burn rapidly with flare burning effect. Powders, dusts, shavings, borings, turnings or cuttings may explode or burn with explosive violence. Substance may be transported in a molten form at a temperature that may be above its flash point. May re-ignite after fire is extinguished.
Safety Profile
Moderately toxic by intravenous route. Experimental reproductive effects. It can cause a dust irritation, particularly to the eyes and mucous membranes. See also CARBON BLACK, SOOT. Combustible when exposed to heat. Dust is explosive when exposed to heat or flame or oxides, peroxides, oxosalts, halogens, interhalogens, 02, (NH4NO3 + heat), (NH4ClO4 @ 240°), bromates, Ca(OCl)2, chlorates, (Cla + Cr(OCl)2), Cl0, iodates, 105, Pb(NO3)~, HgNO3, HNO3, (oils + air), (K + air), NaaS, Zn(NO3)a. Incompatible with air, metals, oxidants, unsaturated oils.
잠재적 노출
Natural graphite is used in foundry facings, steel making lubricants, refractories, crucibles, pencil “lead,” paints, pigments, and stove polish. Artificial graphite may be substituted for these uses with the excep tion of clay crucibles; other types of crucibles may be pro duced from artificial graphite. Additionally, it may be used as a high temperature lubricant or for electrodes. It is uti lized in the electrical industry in electrodes, brushes, con tacts, and electronic tube rectifier elements; as a constituent in lubricating oils and greases; to treat friction elements, such as brake linings; to prevent molds from sticking together; and in moderators in nuclear reactors. In addition, concerns have been expressed about synthetic graphite in fibrous form. Those exposed are involved in production of graphite fibers from pitch or acrylonitrile fibers and the manufacture and use of composites of plastics, metals, or ceramics reinforced with graphite fibers.
운송 방법
UN1362 Carbon, activated, Hazard Class: 4.2; Labels: 4.2-Spontaneously combustible material, International.
Purification Methods
Charcoal (50g) is added to 1L of 6M HCl and boiled for 45minutes. The supernatant is discarded, and the charcoal is boiled with two more lots of HCl, then with distilled water until the supernatant no longer gives a test for chloride ion. The charcoal (now phosphate-free) is filtered onto a sintered-glass funnel and air dried at 120o for 24hours. [Lippin et al. J Am Chem Soc 76 2871 1954.] The purification can be carried out using a Soxhlet extractor (without cartridge), allowing longer extraction times. Treatment with conc H2SO4 instead of HCl has been used to remove reducing substances.
비 호환성
Graphite is a strong reducing agent and reacts violently with oxidizers, such as fluorine, chlorine trifluoride, and potassium peroxide. Forms an explosive mixture with air. May be spontaneously combustible in air.
폐기물 처리
Do not incinerate. Carbon (graphite) fibers are difficult to dispose of by incineration. Waste fibers should be packaged and disposed of in a land fill authorized for the disposal of special wastes of this nature, or as otherwise may be required by law.

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