질산 토륨

그림문자(GHS)

• 그림문자(GHS)

  

• 신호 어

  Danger

• 유해·위험 문구

  H272：화재를 강렬하게 함; 산화제

  H302：삼키면 유해함

  H315：피부에 자극을 일으킴

  H319：눈에 심한 자극을 일으킴

  H335：호흡 자극성을 일으킬 수 있음

  H373：장기간 또는 반복 노출되면 장기(또는, 영향을 받은 알려진 모든 장기를 명시)에 손상을 일으킬 수 있음

  H411：장기적 영향에 의해 수생생물에 유독함

• 예방조치문구

  P220：의류 그리고 가연성 물질로부터 멀리하시오.

  P261：분진·흄·가스·미스트·증기·...·스프레이의 흡입을 피하시오.

  P273：환경으로 배출하지 마시오.

  P305+P351+P338：눈에 묻으면 몇 분간 물로 조심해서 씻으시오. 가능하면 콘택트렌즈를 제거하시오. 계속 씻으시오.

질산 토륨 화학적 특성, 용도, 생산

• 화학적 성질

  white solid

• 용도

  Reagent for determination of fluorine, thoriated tungsten filaments.

• 제조 방법

  The phosphates are dissolved in cone, hydrochloric acid and precipitated with oxalic acid, and the thoroughly washed precipitate is extracted with warm aqueous Na2CO3. Most of the rare earths stay in the residue, while the thorium dissolves in the form of a carbonate complex, Na6Th(CO3)5. The material is freed of the remaining traces of rare earths by repeated crystallization in the form of the sulfate Th(SO4)2?8H2O. The procedure consists of precipitation of the hydroxide with ammonia and solution of the latter in sulfuric acid to re-form the sulfate. The precipitate from the last purification stage is dissolved in nitric acid to yield the nitrate.

• 일반 설명

  A white crystalline mass. Mildly toxic. Not combustible but accelerates burning of combustible materials. May explode in a fire if in large quantities or if the combustible material is finely divided. Toxic oxides of nitrogen are produced in fires. Mildly radioactive. Radioactive materials emit certain rays detectable only by instruments. Minimal radiation hazard in transport. No protective shielding for packages is required.

• 공기와 물의 반응

  Somewhat soluble in water.

• 반응 프로필

  Thorium nitrate is soluble in water and very soluble in alcohol (ethanol) and acids and is not combustible but accelerates burning of combustible materials. Thorium nitrate is highly reactive and incompatible with combustible materials, organic materials, and finely powdered metals. It may explode in a fire if in large quantities or if the combustible material is finely divided. Toxic oxides of nitrogen are produced in fires. Thorium nitrate, on contact with oxidising agent, oxidisable materials, and combustible and/or organic materials, causes fire and chemical hazards and violent explosion.
  Mixtures of metal/nonmetal nitrates with alkyl esters may explode, owing to the formation of alkyl nitrates; mixtures a nitrate with phosphorus, tin (II) chloride. or other reducing agents may react explosively [Bretherick 1979 p. 108-109]. With water forms a weak solution of nitric acid, the reaction is not hazardous.

• 위험도

  Dangerous fire and explosion risk in contact with organic materials, strong oxidizing agent. Radioactive.

• 건강위험

  Compound has low chemical toxicity, but alpha emission is expected to constitute a hazard if a fairly large amount is inhaled or ingested. Dust may irritate eyes and cause diffuse dermatitis. Beta and gamma emission is small.

• Safety Profile

  Poison by intraperitoneal, intravenous, and intratracheal routes. Moderately toxic by ingestion. Experimental reproductive effects. Radioactive. An oxidizing material; when in contact with readily combustible substances will cause violent combustion or ignition. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx. See also THORIUM and NITRATES.

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