酸素ジフルオリド

危険有害性情報のコード(GHS)

• 絵表示(GHS)

  

• 注意喚起語

  Danger

• 危険有害性情報

  H270：発火または火災助長のおそれ；酸化性物質

  H314：重篤な皮膚の薬傷?眼の損傷

  H330：吸入すると生命に危険

• 注意書き

  P220：衣類/．．．/可燃物から遠ざけること。

  P244：減圧バルブにはグリースおよび油を使用しないこと。

  P260：粉じん/煙/ガス/ミスト/蒸気/スプレーを吸入しないこ と。

  P264：取扱い後は皮膚をよく洗うこと。

  P264：取扱い後は手や顔をよく洗うこと。

  P271：屋外または換気の良い場所でのみ使用すること。

  P280：保護手袋/保護衣/保護眼鏡/保護面を着用するこ と。

  P284：呼吸用保護具を着用すること。

  P301+P330+P331：飲み込んだ場合：口をすすぐこと。無理に吐かせ ないこと。

  P303+P361+P353：皮膚（または髪）に付着した場合：直ちに汚染された衣 類をすべて脱ぐこと/取り除くこと。皮膚を流水/シャワー で洗うこと。

  P304+P340：吸入した場合：空気の新鮮な場所に移し、呼吸しやすい 姿勢で休息させること。

  P305+P351+P338：眼に入った場合：水で数分間注意深く洗うこと。次にコ ンタクトレンズを着用していて容易に外せる場合は外す こと。その後も洗浄を続けること。

  P310：ただちに医師に連絡すること。

  P320：特別な治療が緊急に必要である（このラベ ルの．．．を見よ）。

  P321：特別な処置が必要である（このラベルの．．． を見よ）。

  P363：汚染された衣類を再使用す場合には洗濯をすること。

  P370+P376：火災の場合：安全に対処できるならば漏洩を止めること。

  P403：換気の良い場所で保管すること。

  P403+P233：換気の良い場所で保管すること。容器を密閉 しておくこと。

  P405：施錠して保管すること。

  P501：内容物/容器を．．．に廃棄すること。

酸素ジフルオリド 化学特性,用途語,生産方法

• 解説

  二フッ化酸素(oxygen difluoride)：OF2(54.00)．フッ素を水酸化ナトリウム水溶液にゆっくり通すと得られる．室温では無色の特有臭のある気体．F-O-F折れ線形構造．密度2.19 g cm－3(液体)．O-F約1.418 Å．∠F-O-F約103.2°．融点－223.8 ℃，沸点－145 ℃．125 ℃ までは安定である．比較的安定で冷時はガラスを侵さない．

• 性質

  室温ではCH4，COなどと混合しうるが，これらの混合気体は点火すると爆発的に反応する．室温でも Cl2，Br2 とは爆発的に反応する．HX(X ＝ Cl，Br)では，HFと X2 になる．水に微溶，加水分解は遅いが，アルカリ性水溶液では加速され，フッ化物と O2 になる．多くの金属，非金属と反応してフッ化物をつくる．Xeとの混合気体で放電するとXeのフッ化物，フッ化酸化物を生じる．酸化剤，ロケットの燃料などに用いられる．有毒．

• 化学的特性

  Oxygen difluoride is a colorless gas. Foul, peculiar odor. Shipped as a nonliquefied compressed gas.

• 物理的性質

  Colorless gas with a characteristic odor; unstable in the presence of moisture, otherwise stable up to 250°C; gas density 2.21g/L at 25°C; liquefies to a yellowish-brown liquid at -144.8°C; density of the liquid 1.90g/ml at -223.8°C; solidifies at -223.8°C; slightly soluble in water, decomposing very slowly; solubility 68ml gas per liter of water at 0°C; slightly soluble in acids and alkali.

• 使用

  Commercial applications of oxygen difluoride are limited. It is used in organic synthesis to prepare fluoropropylenes and acylfluorides. It is used as an oxidizing and fluorinating agent in many preparative reactions and as a monomer in diolefin copolymerization.

• 製造方法

  Oxygen difluoride may be prepared by passing fluorine gas slowly through a dilute solution of caustic soda. Usually a 2% solution of NaOH is suitable for the preparation:
  2F₂ + 2 Na OH → 2NaF + OF₂ + H₂O
  At a higher alkali concentration, oxygen is formed:
  2F₂ + 4NaOH → 4NaF + 2H₂O + O₂
  Oxygen difluoride can be produced by electrolysis of an aqueous solution of HF or, alternatively, electroylzing molten potassium hydrogen difluoride, KHF₂, in the presence of water.

• 一般的な説明

  A colorless poisonous gas with a strong peculiar odor. Highly toxic by inhalation. Corrosive to skin and eyes. Can explode on contact with water. Decomposes to toxic gaseous fluorine if heated to high temperature. Prolonged exposure of the containers to high heat may result in their violent rupturing and rocketing. Used as an oxidizer for propellants.

• 空気と水の反応

  Violent explosions resulted when a spark was discharged in a 25-70% mixture of Oxygen difluoride with oxygen over water [Mellor 2, Supp. 1:191. 1956].

• 反応プロフィール

  Oxygen difluoride is an oxidizing agent. Mixtures with carbon monoxide, with hydrogen, or with methane explode on sparking [Streng, A. G., Chem. Rev., 1963, 63, p. 610]. May react explosively with adsorbents (silica, alumina, molecular sieves, silica gel) [Streng A. G., Chem. Eng. News, 1965, 43(12), p. 5]; the presence of moisture may render such mixtures shock-sensitive [Metz, F. I., Chem. Eng. News, 1965, 43(7), p. 41]. Gives explosive reactions with diborane, hydrogen sulfide, nitrogen oxide, nitrosyl fluoride, charcoal, sulfur tetrafluoride. Warming of mixtures with halogens, with metal halides, with aluminum chloride, with antimony pentachloride, and with tungsten gives explosions. Ignites on contact with diborane tetrafluoride, phosphorus pentaoxide, red phosphorus, boron, silicon [Bretherick, 5th ed., 1995, p. 1419]. Incompatible with ammonia, arsenic trioxide, chromium trioxide, chlorine in the presence of copper, ozone [Lewis, 3rd ed., 1993, p. 978]. Reacts to incandescence with aluminum, barium, cadmium, magnesium, strontium, zinc, zirconium. Reacts with the alkali metals (lithium, sodium, potassium) [Streng, A. G., Chem. Rev., 1963, 63, p. 611].

• 危険性

  Oxygen difluoride is a highly toxic gas that attacks lungs, manifesting delayed symptoms. It causes irritation of eyes, lungs, and skin. Chronic exposure can lead to pulminary edema and congestion in lungs. Inhalation also can cause systemic toxic effects in humans. LC₅₀ inhalation (rat): 136ppm/1 hr The compound is a very powerful oxidizing agent. Contact with reducing agents can cause explosion.

• 健康ハザード

  TOXIC; may be fatal if inhaled or absorbed through skin. Fire will produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Contact with gas or liquefied gas may cause burns, severe injury and/or frostbite. Runoff from fire control may cause pollution.

• 火災危険

  Substance does not burn but will support combustion. Vapors from liquefied gas are initially heavier than air and spread along ground. These are strong oxidizers and will react vigorously or explosively with many materials including fuels. May ignite combustibles (wood, paper, oil, clothing, etc.). Some will react violently with air, moist air and/or water. Cylinders exposed to fire may vent and release toxic and/or corrosive gas through pressure relief devices. Containers may explode when heated. Ruptured cylinders may rocket.

• 安全性プロファイル

  Poison by inhalation. Human systemic effects by inhalation: chronic pulmonary edema or congestion. A corrosive skin, eye, and mucous membrane irritant. Attacks lungs with delayed appearance of symptoms. A very powerful oxidizer. Must be kept away from contact with reducing agents. Explosive reaction with adsorbents (e.g., sllica gel, alumina, molecular sieve), diborane, halogens + heat, metal halides, aluminum chloride, antimony pentachloride (at 1 50℃), tungsten + heat, hydrogen sulfide, liquid nitrogen oxide, nitrosyl fluoride, charcoal, sulfur tetrafluoride. Forms spark-sensitive explosive mixtures with water or combustible gases (e.g., carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane). Ignites on contact with diborane tetrafluoride, nonmetals (e.g., red phosphorus, boron powder, silicon), phosphorus(V) oxide, nitrogen oxide gas. Incandescent reaction with metals (e.g., aluminum, barium, cadmium, magnesium, strontium, zinc, zirconium, lithium (above 4OO0C)), potassium (above 4OO0C), sodium. Incompatible with NH3, As203, Cl2 + Cu, CrO3, Ir, 03, O2 + H20, Pd, Pt, Rh, Ru, Si02. When heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of F-. See also FLUORIDES

• 職業ばく露

  Oxygen difluoride is used as an oxidizer in missile propellant systems.

• 輸送方法

  Oxygen difluoride, compressed Hazard Class: 2.3; Labels: 2.3-Poisonous gas, 5.1-Oxidizer, 8-Corrosive material, Inhalation Hazard Zone A. Cylinders must be transported in a secure upright position, in a well-ventilated truck. Protect cylinder and labels from physical damage. The owner of the compressed gas cylinder is the only entity allowed by federal law (49CFR) to transport and refill them. It is a violation of transportation regulations to refill compressed gas cylinders without the express written permission of the owner.

• 不和合性

  A strong oxidizer. Explodes on contact with steam. Violent reaction with reducing agents; combustible materials; chlorine, bromine, iodine, platinum, metal oxides; moist air; hydrogen sulfide (explosive in ambient air); hydrocarbons, water. Attacks mercury. Reacts, possibly violently, with many materials including porous materials (i.e., alumina, charcoal, and silica), mercury, and phosphorus.

• 廃棄物の処理

  Spray or sift on a thick layer of a (1:1) mixture of dry soda ash and slaked lime behind ashield. After mixing, spray water from an atomizer with great precaution. Transfer slowly into a large amount of water. Neutralize and drain into the sewer with sufficient water.

7783-41-7, 酸素ジフルオリド キーワード