フェニル水銀(II)ニトラート

危険有害性情報のコード(GHS)

• 絵表示(GHS)

  

• 注意喚起語

  Danger

• 危険有害性情報

  H301：飲み込むと有毒

  H314：重篤な皮膚の薬傷?眼の損傷

  H372：長期にわたる、または反復暴露により臓器の障 害

  H410：長期的影響により水生生物に非常に強い毒性

• 注意書き

  P260：粉じん/煙/ガス/ミスト/蒸気/スプレーを吸入しないこ と。

  P264：取扱い後は皮膚をよく洗うこと。

  P264：取扱い後は手や顔をよく洗うこと。

  P270：この製品を使用する時に、飲食または喫煙をしないこ と。

  P273：環境への放出を避けること。

  P280：保護手袋/保護衣/保護眼鏡/保護面を着用するこ と。

  P301+P310：飲み込んだ場合：直ちに医師に連絡すること。

  P301+P330+P331：飲み込んだ場合：口をすすぐこと。無理に吐かせ ないこと。

  P303+P361+P353：皮膚（または髪）に付着した場合：直ちに汚染された衣 類をすべて脱ぐこと/取り除くこと。皮膚を流水/シャワー で洗うこと。

  P304+P340：吸入した場合：空気の新鮮な場所に移し、呼吸しやすい 姿勢で休息させること。

  P305+P351+P338：眼に入った場合：水で数分間注意深く洗うこと。次にコ ンタクトレンズを着用していて容易に外せる場合は外す こと。その後も洗浄を続けること。

  P310：ただちに医師に連絡すること。

  P314：気分が悪い時は、医師の診断/手当てを受けること。

  P321：特別な処置が必要である（このラベルの．．． を見よ）。

  P330：口をすすぐこと。

  P363：汚染された衣類を再使用す場合には洗濯をすること。

  P391：漏出物を回収すること。

  P405：施錠して保管すること。

  P501：内容物/容器を．．．に廃棄すること。

フェニル水銀(II)ニトラート 化学特性,用途語,生産方法

• 用途

  殺菌剤、防かび剤

• 効能

  抗菌薬

• 化学的特性

  white crystalline powder

• 使用

  Pharmaceutic aid (antimicrobial agent).

• 調製方法

  Phenylmercuric nitrate is readily formed by heating benzene with mercuric acetate, and treating the resulting acetate with an alkali nitrate.

• 一般的な説明

  Lustrous scales decomposing at 187-190°C. Very slightly soluble in water. Used as an antiseptic, germicide, fungicide.

• 空気と水の反応

  Very slightly soluble in water.

• 反応プロフィール

  Strongly reactive with many other groups. Incompatible with acids and bases. Organometallics are good reducing agents and therefore incompatible with oxidizing agents. Often reactive with water to generate toxic or flammable gases. Generally highly toxic. Often react on contact with tissues to give toxic products.

• 健康ハザード

  Highly toxic, may be fatal if inhaled, swallowed or absorbed through skin. Avoid any skin contact. Effects of contact or inhalation may be delayed. Fire may produce irritating, corrosive and/or toxic gases. Runoff from fire control or dilution water may be corrosive and/or toxic and cause pollution.

• 火災危険

  Non-combustible, substance itself does not burn but may decompose upon heating to produce corrosive and/or toxic fumes. Containers may explode when heated. Runoff may pollute waterways.

• 応用例（製薬）

  Phenylmercuric salts are used as antimicrobial preservatives mainly in ophthalmic preparations, but are also used in cosmetics, parenteral, and topical pharmaceutical formulations;
  Phenylmercuric salts are active over a wide pH range against bacteria and fungi and are usually used in neutral to alkaline solutions, although they have also been used effectively at slightly acid pH. In acidic formulations, phenylmercuric nitrate may be preferred to phenylmercuric acetate or phenylmercuric borate as it does not precipitate.
  Phenylmercuric nitrate is also an effective spermicide, although its use in vaginal contraceptives is no longer recommended;
  A number of adverse reactions to phenylmercuric salts have been reported, and concern at the toxicity of mercury compounds may preclude the use of phenylmercuric salts under certain circumstances;

• 安全性プロファイル

  Poison by intravenous route. FDA over-the-counter drug. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of Hg and NOx. See also MERCURY COMPOUNDS and NITRATES.

• 安全性

  Phenylmercuric nitrate and other phenylmercuric salts have been widely used as antimicrobial preservatives in parenteral and topical pharmaceutical formulations. However, concern over the use of phenylmercuric salts in pharmaceuticals has increased as a result of greater awareness of the toxicity of mercury and other mercury compounds. This concern must, however, be balanced by the effectiveness of these materials as antimicrobial preservatives and the low concentrations in which they are employed.
  Phenylmercuric salts are irritant to the skin at 0.1% w/w concentration in petrolatum.In solution, they may give rise to erythema and blistering 6–12 hours after administration. In a modified repeated insult patch test, a 2% w/v solution was found to produce extreme sensitization of the skin.
  Eye drops containing phenylmercuric nitrate as a preservative should not be used continuously for prolonged periods as mercurialentis, a brown pigmentation of the anterior capsule of the lens may occur. Incidence is 6% in patients using eye drops for greater than 6 years; however, the condition is not associated with visual impairment.Cases of atypical band keratopathy have also been attributed to phenylmercuric nitrate preservative in eye drops.
  Concern that the absorption of mercury from the vagina may be harmful has led to the recommendation that phenylmercuric nitrate should not be used in intravaginal formulations.
  (mouse, IV): 27 mg/kg
  (mouse, oral): 50 mg/kg
  (rat, SC): 63 mg/kg

• 貯蔵

  All phenylmercuric compound solutions form a black residue of metallic mercury when exposed to light or after prolonged storage. Solutions may be sterilized by autoclaving, although significant amounts of phenylmercuric salts may be lost, hence reducing preservative efficacy, owing to incompatibilities with packaging components or other excipients, e.g. sodium metabisulfite.
  Phenylmercuric nitrate should be stored in a well-closed container, protected from light, in a cool, dry place.

• 不和合性

  The antimicrobial activity of phenylmercuric salts may be reduced in the presence of anionic emulsifying agents and suspending agents, tragacanth, starch, talc, sodium metabisulfite,sodium thiosulfate,disodium edetate,and silicates (bentonite, aluminum magnesium silicate, magnesium trisilicate, and kaolin).
  Phenylmercuric salts are incompatible with halides, particularly bromides and iodides, as they form less-soluble halogen compounds. At concentrations of 0.002% w/v precipitation may not occur in the presence of chlorides. Phenylmercuric salts are also incompatible with aluminum and other metals, ammonia and ammonium salts, amino acids, and with some sulfur compounds, e.g. in rubber.
  Phenylmercuric salts are absorbed by rubber stoppers and some types of plastic packaging components; uptake is usually greatest to natural rubbers and polyethylene, and least to polypropylene. Incompatibilities with some types of filter membranes may also result in loss of phenylmercuric salts following sterilization by filtration.

• 規制状況(Regulatory Status)

  Included in the FDA Inactive Ingredients Database (parenteral and ophthalmic preparations). Included in parenteral products and eye drops in the EU. Included in the Canadian List of Acceptable Nonmedicinal Ingredients (ophthalmic, nasal and otic preparations only up to 0.002%; there must be no other suitable alternative preservative).
  Prohibited in first aid antiseptic drug products, antimicrobial diaper rash drug products and vaginal contraceptive drug products in the USA. Limited uses permitted in Japan and the EU for cosmetics.

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