dl-エフェドリン·塩酸塩

危険有害性情報のコード(GHS)

• 絵表示(GHS)

  

• 注意喚起語

  Warning

• 危険有害性情報

  H302：飲み込むと有害

  H317：アレルギー性皮膚反応を起こすおそれ

  H412：長期的影響により水生生物に有害

• 注意書き

  P261：粉じん/煙/ガス/ミスト/蒸気/スプレーの吸入を避ける こと。

  P264：取扱い後は皮膚をよく洗うこと。

  P264：取扱い後は手や顔をよく洗うこと。

  P273：環境への放出を避けること。

  P280：保護手袋/保護衣/保護眼鏡/保護面を着用するこ と。

  P301+P312：飲み込んだ場合：気分が悪い時は医師に連絡する こと。

  P302+P352：皮膚に付着した場合：多量の水と石鹸で洗うこと。

dl-エフェドリン·塩酸塩 価格

dl-エフェドリン·塩酸塩 化学特性,用途語,生産方法

• 効能

  気管支拡張薬, アドレナリン受容体作動薬

• 説明

  Ephedrine is an alkaloid, which is from dry grass stems of ephedra plants such as ephedra, zhong ephedra, or ephedra. Ephedra is an herb recorded in “Chinese Pharmacopoeia,” which can be used for sweating and cold, adjustment of lung function, asthma, and swelling. Ephedrine can treat cold, chest tightness, bronchial asthma, and so on. Ephedra was used as a drug in China for more than 2000 years, which was recorded in history books of materia medica. Ephedra is also known as Longsa recorded in the book Shen Nong’s Herbal Classic of Materia Medica, Bixiang recorded in the book Another record by famous record, and Gougu recorded in the book Guang Ya. Ephedra was firstly recorded in the book Shen Nong’s Classic of Materia Medica.

• 化学的特性

  White Solid

• 物理的性質

  Appearance: a white needle-like crystal or crystalline powder, odorless, and tastes bitter. Solubility: soluble in water and can be dissolved in ethanol but insoluble in chloroform or ether. Melting point: 217–220 °C.

• 来歴

  In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), ephedrine and pseudoephedrine are main active ingredients in “herbal ephedra” . Organic chemist, Changi Changyi (1844– 1929), from Japan first isolated ephedrine from the herb “Shuanghui Ephedra” in 1885 . Ephedrine was successfully synthesized by chemist Ernst Spth from Austria (1886–1946) in 1920 . Kehui Chen (1898–1988) and its co-colleague Carl F. Schmidt extracted ephedrine from ephedra in 1923 and then clarified the pharmacological effects of ephedrine, which attracted the attention from Europe and the United States. Ephedrine was approved in clinical practice by the FDA of the United States. Structure of ephedrine was analyzed by Changi Changyi in 1926.

• 使用

  α- and β-Adrenergic agonist. Bronchodilator.

• 薬理学

  Ephedrine has a similar effect with adrenaline. Ephedrine can bind α, β receptors and activate the receptor as adrenaline. Ephedrine makes the adrenergic nerve endings release medium and indirectly play the role of adrenaline. Ephedrine is stable and its effect is weaker than adrenaline, and the central excitatory effect is more obvious. Ephedrine can relax bronchial smooth muscle but less durable than adrenaline. Ephedrine can also relieve bronchial spasm, excite the heart, enhance myocardial contractility, and speed up the heart rate. However, its role in increasing the heart rate may be weakened by the vagus nerve excitement caused by increased blood pressure . Ephedrine accelerates heart rate and increases cardiac contractility by stimulating the beta receptor. Ephedrine stimulates the alpha receptor and contracts the arterial effect, but the contraction of the rabbit aorta is dominated by direct action. In recent years, ephedra has been found to have a role inhibiting the formation of acute blood clotting, promote fat synthesis in fat, and scavenge oxygenfree radicals.

• 臨床応用

  In clinical practice, ephedrine hydrochloride was used for the treatment of bronchial asthma, hypotension, central excitation , and toxicity by morphine and barbiturate. Ephedrine hydrochloride was also used to eliminate nasal mucosal congestion. Drug tolerance can occur quickly when ephedrine hydrochloride was used often in a short time. Ephedrine hydrochloride can also be used for hypotension and chronic hypotension caused by subarachnoid anesthesia or epidural anesthesia .

• 副作用

  The side effects of ephedrine hydrochloride are anxiety, insomnia, palpitations, sweating, and other symptoms by central excitement caused by the long-term use of large doses which can be cured by hypnotic sedative drugs. Acute drug tolerance can be induced by repeated use in short time.

• 安全性プロファイル

  Poison by subcutaneous, intravenous, andintraperitoneal routes. Moderately toxic by ingestion. Human systemic effects: cardac changes, nausea or vomiting, sweating. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of HCl and NOx. See also EPHEDRINE.

dl-エフェドリン·塩酸塩 スペクトルデータ(¹HNMR、FT-IR、Raman)

134-71-4, dl-エフェドリン·塩酸塩 キーワード