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Acridine

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Acridine Structure
Acridine
  • CAS No.260-94-6
  • Chemical Name:Acridine
  • CBNumber:CB9853399
  • Molecular Formula:C13H9N
  • Formula Weight:179.22
  • MOL File:260-94-6.mol
Acridine Property
  • Melting point 106-109 °C
  • Boiling point 346 °C(lit.)
  • Density 1,005 g/cm3
  • refractive index 1.7270 (estimate)
  • Flash point 346°C
  • storage temp. Refrigerator
  • solubility dioxane: 0.1 g/mL, clear
  • pka 5.58(at 20℃)
  • form Crystalline Powder
  • color Yellow to yellow-brown
  • PH Range Green B uorescence (5.2) to violet B uorescence (6.6)
  • Water Solubility 57.35mg/L(24 ºC)
  • λmax 358nm, 392nm
  • Merck 14,122
  • BRN 120200
  • Exposure limits OSHA: TWA 0.2 mg/m3
  • Stability Stable. Combustible. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.
  • Major Application Organic light-emitting diode, photoresists, nanosensors, fuel cells, memory device, semiconductors, information storage device, liquid crystal displays, identification of product forgeries, inks, adhesives, textile, hair dyes, gene detection assay, staining cells, biosensors, detecting nucleic acids, proteins, antiHCV antibodies, antibacterial, antiamyloid agents, wound dressing materials, vaccines against infection, allergy and cancer
  • InChIKey DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • LogP 3.400
  • CAS DataBase Reference 260-94-6(CAS DataBase Reference)
  • EWG's Food Scores 1
  • FDA UNII 42NI1P5Q1X
  • EPA Substance Registry System Acridine (260-94-6)
  • UNSPSC Code 12171500
  • NACRES NA.47
Safety
Hazard and Precautionary Statements (GHS)
  • Symbol(GHS)
  • Signal wordWarning
  • Hazard statements H302-H315-H319-H335-H410
  • Precautionary statements P261-P264-P273-P301+P312-P302+P352-P305+P351+P338
Acridine Price More Price(7)
  • Brand: Sigma-Aldrich(India)
  • Product number: A23609
  • Product name : Acridine
  • Purity: 97%
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  • Price: ₹3063.6
  • Updated: 2022/06/14
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  • Brand: Sigma-Aldrich(India)
  • Product number: 01640
  • Product name : Acridine
  • Purity: BioReagent, suitable for fluorescence, ≥97.0% (HPLC)
  • Packaging: 1G
  • Price: ₹5305.8
  • Updated: 2022/06/14
  • Buy: Buy
  • Brand: Sigma-Aldrich(India)
  • Product number: A23609
  • Product name : Acridine
  • Purity: 97%
  • Packaging: 25G
  • Price: ₹10600.5
  • Updated: 2022/06/14
  • Buy: Buy
  • Brand: Sigma-Aldrich(India)
  • Product number: 01640
  • Product name : Acridine
  • Purity: BioReagent, suitable for fluorescence, ≥97.0% (HPLC)
  • Packaging: 10G
  • Price: ₹12576.3
  • Updated: 2022/06/14
  • Buy: Buy
  • Brand: Sigma-Aldrich(India)
  • Product number: 01640
  • Product name : Acridine
  • Purity: BioReagent, suitable for fluorescence, ≥97.0% (HPLC)
  • Packaging: 50G
  • Price: ₹44100.3
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Acridine Chemical Properties,Usage,Production

  • Applications Several dyes and drugs feature the acridine skeleton. Many acridines, such as proflavine, also have antiseptic properties. Acridine and related derivatives (such as amsacrine) bind to DNA and RNA due to their abilities to intercalate. Acridine orange (3,6-dimethylaminoacridine) is a nucleic acid-selective metachromatic stain useful for cell cycle determination.
    Acridine
  • Reactions

    Acridine displays the reactions expected of an unsaturated N-heterocycle. It undergoes N-alkylation with alkyl iodides to form alkyl acridinium iodides, which are readily transformed by the action of alkaline potassium ferricyanide to N-alkyl acridones.
    Basicity
    Acridine and its homologues are weakly basic. Acridine is a photobase which has a ground state pKa of 5.1, similar to that of pyridine, and an excited state pKa of 10.6. It also shares properties with quinoline.
    Reduction and oxidation
    Acridines can be reduced to the 9,10-dihydroacridines, sometimes called leuco acridines. Reaction with potassium cyanide gives the 9-cyano-9,10-dehydro derivative. On oxidation with potassium permanganate, it yields acridinic acid (C9H5N(CO2H)2) otherwise known as quinoline-1,2-dicarboxylic acid. Acridine is easily oxidized by peroxymonosulfuric acid to the acridine amine oxide. The carbon 9-position of acridine is activated for addition reactions.

  • Chemical Properties colourless to light yellow crystals
  • Uses Acridine is a compound occurring in coal tar that has been used in the manufacture of dyes and intermediates. Derivatives are used as antiseptics (e.g., proflavine). Acridine is a strong irritant to mucous membranes and skin, and it causes sneezing on inhalation.
  • Uses A quinoline derivative used as manufacturing dyes and as intermediate for antileishmanial agents. A catabolic product of carbamazepine (C175840) metabolite.
  • Uses manufacture of dyes and intermediates; some dyes derived from it are used as antiseptics, e.g. 9-aminoacridine, acriflavine and proflavine. The hydrochloride has been used as reagent for cobalt, iron and zinc.
  • Definition ChEBI: A polycyclic heteroarene that is anthracene in which one of the central CH groups is replaced by a nitrogen atom.
  • Definition acridine: A colourless crystallineheterocyclic compound, C12H9N; m.p.110°C. The ring structure is similarto that of anthracene, with threefused rings, the centre ring containinga nitrogen heteroatom. Severalderivatives of acridine (such as acridineorange) are used as dyes or biologicalstains.
  • Definition A colorless crystalline heterocyclic compound with three fused rings. Derivatives of acridine are used as dyes and biological stains.
  • brand name Euflavin;Proflavin.
  • World Health Organization (WHO) Acridine derivatives with antiseptic and disinfectant activity, including acriflavine, proflavine and euflavine, were formerly used in the treatment of infected wounds and burns. Such use has largely been discontinued on the grounds that safer and more effective alternatives are now available. Following demonstration of the mutagenic activity of proflavine in 1978 it was withdrawn from dental products in Denmark. Subsequently, euflavine was similarly withdrawn.
  • Synthesis Reference(s) The Journal of Organic Chemistry, 21, p. 1286, 1956 DOI: 10.1021/jo01117a019
    Synthesis, p. 732, 1987 DOI: 10.1055/s-1987-28066
  • General Description Small colorless needle-like crystalline solid. Slightly soluble in hot water. Slightly denser than water. Contact may irritate skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. Sublimes before melting when heated. May be toxic by ingestion.
  • Air & Water Reactions Slightly soluble in hot water.
  • Reactivity Profile Acridine neutralizes acids in exothermic reactions to form salts plus water. May be incompatible with isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, and acid halides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen may be generated in combination with strong reducing agents, such as hydrides. Burns to give toxic oxides of nitrogen.
  • Health Hazard Inhalation irritates respiratory system and causes sneezing, crying, and vomiting. Contact with liquid irritates eyes, skin, and mucous membranes. At high temperature and during sun exposure, damage to the cornea, skin, and mucous membranes may occur following the liberation of Acridine vapor.
  • Safety Profile Poison by ingestion, subcutaneous, and intravenous routes. Mutation data reported. A skin, eye, and mucous membrane irritant. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NO,.
  • Potential Exposure Acridine and its derivatives are widely used in the production of dyestuffs, such as acriflavine, benzoflavine, and chrysaniline; and in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals; such as aurinacrine, proflavine, and rivanol. A constituent of coal tar, coal tar creosote; found in wastes from gas and tar plants and coke oven emissions. Incompatibilities: Strong acids, strong oxidizers.
  • Shipping UN2713 Acridine, Hazard Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials
  • Purification Methods Acridine has been crystallised twice from *benzene/cyclohexane, or from aqueous EtOH, then sublimed, removing and discarding the first 25% of the sublimate. The remainder is again crystallised and sublimed, discarding the first 10-15% [Wolf & Anderson J Am Chem Soc 77 1608 1955]. Acridine can also be purified by crystallisation from n-heptane and then from ethanol/water after pre-treatment with activated charcoal, or by chromatography on alumina with pet ether in a darkened room. Alternatively, acridine can be precipitated as the hydrochloride from *benzene solution by adding HCl, after which the base is regenerated, dried at 110o/50mm, and recrystallised to constant melting point from pet ether [Cumper et al. J Chem Soc 4518 1962]. The regenerated free base may be recrystallised, chromatographed on basic alumina, then vacuum-sublimed and zone-refined. [Williams & Clarke, J Chem Soc, Faraday Trans 1 73 514 1977, Albert, The Acridines Arnold Press 1966.] It can exist in five crystalline forms and is steam volatile. It is a strong IRRITANT to skin and mucous membranes and can become a chronic irritant— handle it with CARE. [Beilstein 20/8 V 199.]
  • Incompatibilities Acridine and its derivatives are widely used in the production of dyestuffs, such as acriflavine, benzoflavine, and chrysaniline; and in the synthesis of pharmaceuticals; such as aurinacrine, proflavine, and rivanol. A constituent of coal tar, coal tar creosote; found in wastes from gas and tar plants and coke oven emissions. Incompatibilities: Strong acids, strong oxidizers.
  • Waste Disposal Incineration with nitrogen oxide removal from the effluent gas by scrubber, catalytic, or thermal device.
Acridine Preparation Products And Raw materials
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Acridine Spectrum
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