Description
Tocopherol succinate (4345-03-3) is a potent antioxidant. Protects mice from gamma-radiation by induction of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor.1,2?Tocopherol succinate induces apoptosis in human gastric cancer cells3?and inhibits proliferation of mesothelioma cells by down-regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptor-14. Induces apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells.5
Chemical Properties
Off-White to Pale Yellow Solid
Uses
A potent novel antineoplastic agent with high selectivity and cooperativity with tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (Apo2 ligand). It inhibits proliferation of mesothelioma cells
by selective down-regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptors. Furthermore, it has been shown to enhance the anti-tumor effect of dendritic cell vaccines.
Uses
A potent novel antineoplastic agent with high selectivity and cooperativity with tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (Apo2 ligand). It inhibits proliferation of mesothelioma cells by selective down-regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptors. Furthermore, it has been shown to enhance the anti-tumor effect of dendritic cell vaccines.
Uses
A potent antioxidant tocopherol
Definition
ChEBI: Tocopherol succinate is a tocol and a hemisuccinate.
General Description
White powder.
Air & Water Reactions
Insoluble in water.
Reactivity Profile
Vitamin E succinate is an ester. Esters react with acids to liberate heat along with alcohols and acids. Strong oxidizing acids may cause a vigorous reaction that is sufficiently exothermic to ignite the reaction products. Heat is also generated by the interaction of esters with caustic solutions. Flammable hydrogen is generated by mixing esters with alkali metals and hydrides.
Fire Hazard
Flash point data for Vitamin E succinate are not available; however, Vitamin E succinate is probably combustible.
Flammability and Explosibility
Not classified
Biochem/physiol Actions
Tocopherol exhibits antioxidant property by protecting the cells and membranes from oxidative stress. In plants, high levels of α-tocopherol leads to plant stress tolerance whereas low levels is associated with oxidative stress. In humans, tocopherol prevents cancer, premature aging, atherosclerosis, arthritis caused due to free radicals. Vitamin E succinate (VES) is an anti-tumor analog of vitamin E.
Safety Profile
When heated to
decomposition it emits acrid smoke and
irritating fumes.
References
1) Singh?et al. (2010),?Alpha-tocopherol succinate protects mice from gamma-radiation by induction of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor; Int. J. Radiation Biol.,?86?12
2) Singh?et al. (2009),?Tocopherol succinate: a promising radiation countermeasure; Immunopharmacol.,?9?1423
3) Wu?et al. (2004),?c-Jun N-terminal kinase is required for vitamin E succinate-induced apoptosis in human gastric cancer cells; J. Gastroenterol.,?10?1110
4) Stapelberg?et al. (2004),?alpha-Tocopheryl succinate inhibits proliferation of mesothelioma cells by selective down-regulation of fibroblast growth factor receptors; Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.,?318?636
5) Swettenham?et al. (2005),?Alpha-tocopheryl succinate selectively induces apoptosis in neuroblastoma cells: potential therapy of malignancies of the nervous system; J. Neurochem.,?94?1448
