Description
Spinetoram is an insecticide and a semisynthetic derivative of the insecticide spinosad . Spinetoram is a mixture of 3’-ethyl-5,6-dihydrospinosyn J and 3’-ethoxy-spinosyn L . It induces mortality in
H. armigera third, fourth, and fifth instar larvae when administered in the diet at 0.19 and 0.36 mg/kg and decreases pupal survival and adult emergence in surviving larvae. It also induces mortality of wild-type
D. melanogaster but not
D. melanogaster containing a genetic mutation in the Dα6 subunit of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR; LC
50s = 0.025 and 4.4 μg/cm
2, respectively, administered in the diet). Formulations containing spinetoram have been used as insecticides in agriculture.
Uses
Spinetoram belongs to spinosyn family of insecticides and shows potential of natural products research.
Definition
ChEBI: Spinetoram is an organic molecular entity.
Production Methods
Spinetoram is a semi-synthetic insecticide derived from spinosyns, which are natural substances produced by the soil bacterium Saccharopolyspora spinosa. The bacterium is cultured to produce spinosyns through fermentation. The spinosyns are extracted from the fermentation broth and purified. The purified spinosyns undergo chemical modifications to enhance their insecticidal properties. This involves specific alterations, such as O-methylation of the rhamnose moiety, to create spinetoram. The modified spinetoram is then formulated into various commercial products.
Mechanism of action
Shows high residual, contact and ingestion activity. Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) channel blocker - site I
References
[1] KIRST H A. The spinosyn family of insecticides: realizing the potential of natural products research[J]. Journal of Antibiotics, 2010, 63 3: 101-111. DOI:
10.1038/ja.2010.5[2] JIZHEN WEI. Assessment of the lethal and sublethal effects by spinetoram on cotton bollworm.[J]. PLoS ONE, 2018: e0204154. DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0204154[3] GERALD B. WATSON . A spinosyn-sensitive Drosophila melanogaster nicotinic acetylcholine receptor identified through chemically induced target site resistance, resistance gene identification, and heterologous expression[J]. Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2010, 40 5: Pages 376-384. DOI:
10.1016/j.ibmb.2009.11.004
Pesticide Type
Insecticide
