Uses
Perphenazine dihydrochloride is an orally active dopamine receptor and histamine-1 receptor antagonist, with Ki values of 0.56 nM (D2), 0.43 nM (D3), 6 nM (5-HT2A), respectively. Perphenazine dihydrochloride also binds to Alpha-1A adrenergic receptor. Perphenazine dihydrochloride inhibits cancer cell proliferation, and induces apoptosis. Perphenazine dihydrochloride can be used in the research of mental disease, cancer, inflammation[1][3][5].
Safety Profile
Poison by ingestion, intraperitoneal, intravenous, and intramuscular routes. Moderately toxic by subcutaneous route. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of Clí, NOx, SOx, and HCl.
in vivo
Perphenazine (oral gavage, 180 mg/kg, every other day for 21 days) dihydrochloride induces liver injury and lysosomal membrane damage in ICR mice[2].
Perphenazine (oral administration, 10 mg/kg, every other day for 6 days) dihydrochloride attenuates morphological phenotype in mouse models of Th2-type allergic dermatitis[3].
| Animal Model: | ICR mice[2] |
| Dosage: | 10, 30, 60, 120, 180 mg/kg |
| Administration: | Oral gavage, every other day for 21 days. |
| Result: | Increased histological injury and aminotransferases compared with control. |
| Animal Model: | Oxazolone-treated animal model of dermatitis[3] |
| Dosage: | 10 mg/kg |
| Administration: | Oral administration, every other day for 6 days |
| Result: | Decreased The levels of mice ear swelling. |
IC 50
D
2 Receptor: 0.56 nM (Ki); D
3 Receptor: 0.43 nM (Ki); D
4 Receptor: 28.5 nM (Ki); 5-HT
2A Receptor: 5.6 nM (Ki); 5-HT
6 Receptor: 17 nM (Ki); 5-HT
7 Receptor: 23 nM (Ki); 5-HT
2C Receptor: 132 nM (Ki); 5-HT
1A Receptor: 421 nM (Ki)
References
[1] Richtand NM, et al. Dopamine and serotonin receptor binding and antipsychotic efficacy. Neuropsychopharmacology. 2007 Aug;32(8):1715-26. DOI:
10.1038/sj.npp.1301305[2] Lei Tao, et al. Lysosomal membrane permeabilization mediated apoptosis involve in perphenazine-induced hepatotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. Toxicol Lett. 2022 Jul 29;367:76-87. DOI:
10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.07.814[3] Min-Jeong Heo, et al. Perphenazine Attenuates the Pro-Inflammatory Responses in Mouse Models of Th2-Type Allergic Dermatitis. Int J Mol Sci. 2020 May 3;21(9):3241. DOI:
10.3390/ijms21093241[4] Micha Otrba, et al. Perphenazine and prochlorperazine decrease glioblastoma U-87 MG cell migration and invasion: Analysis of the ABCB1 and ABCG2 transporters, E-cadherin, α-tubulin and integrins (α3, α5, and β1) levels. Oncol Lett. 2022 Jun;23(6):182. DOI:
10.3892/ol.2022.13302[5] Micha Otrba, et al. n vitro anticancer activity of fluphenazine, perphenazine and prochlorperazine. A review. J Appl Toxicol. 2021 Jan;41(1):82-94. DOI:
10.1002/jat.4046
![4-[3-(2-chloro-10H-phenothiazin-10-yl)propyl]piperazine-1-ethanol dihydrochloride Structure](https://www.chemicalbook.com/CAS/GIF/2015-28-3.gif)
