Chemical Reactivity
Sodium p-styrenesulfonate (NaSS) is a functional monomer having a radical polymerizable vinyl group, a hydrophobic benzene ring having π electrons, and a sulfonic acid (salt) group that is a strong electrolyte and has been valued in various industrial fields.
With the inductive effect of sulfo radical on the para position against vinyl group, sodium p-styrenesulfonate (NaSS) possesses the highest reactivity (polymerization activity) among all sulfonated vinyl monomers. It performs radical polymerization in such polar solvents as DMF, DMSO and water using common or redox polymerization initiators. For example, it has been used as a reactive emulsifier in order to improve stability of an emulsion and water resistance or cationic dye dyeability of a (emulsion) polymer.
Application
Sodium p-styrenesulfonate has been used as a reactive emulsifier in order to improve stability of an emulsion and water resistance or cationic dye dyeability of a (emulsion) polymer. Further, a polymer or a copolymer of sodium p-styrenesulfonate has been used as a dispersant for producing various aqueous dispersions of pigments, antioxidants, various polymers (tackifier resins, chloroprene rubber, polyacrylic acid esters, polyesters, styrene-butadiene copolymers, polyvinyl chloride, poly-acrylonitrile, polysilicones, conductive polymers and the like), nanocarbon materials, silica particles for hot forging release agents or abrasives, battery electrode materials (carbon, lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganese phosphate and the like), photographic silver halides and the like.
Furthermore, the polymer of sodium p-styrenesulfonate has been utilized as synthetic starch for clothing finishing such as an ironing agent, a hair care product, an antistatic agent, a resist acid generator, a water treatment agent, an allergen scavenger, an ion-exchange resin, a plating solution additive, a detergent for production of semiconductors and hard disks, an additive to fluids for shale oil drilling and a flame retardant for resins.
Uses
Styrene-4-sulfonic acid sodium salt is grafted on poly(ethersulfone) membrane to determine the fractionation of proteins with similar molecular weights. It is used as sodium based ion exchange membranes for membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI) for synthesis. It is used in the study of copolymerization characteristics of sodium styrenesulfonate.
