Outline
1-adamantanol is also known as 1-hydroxide adamantane, 1-tricyclo [3.3.1.1 (3.7)] decyl alcohol. At room temperature, it is white crystalline powder with the melting point higher than 240 ℃. It is soluble in organic solvents and insoluble in water with sublimation property. It can be used for the manufacture of synthetic adamantane derivatives and adapalene. It can react with vinylidene chloride to generate 1-adamantane acetic acid. 1-adamantyl acetate can further undergo bromination and hydrolyzed into 3-hydroxy-1-adamantyl acetate which can further react with vinylidene chloride to give 1, 3-adamantane di-acetic acid.
1-adamantanol can have Friedel-Crafts alkylation reaction acetanilide in the 98% sulfuric acid medium at room temperature for direct synthesis of 1, 3-bis (4-acetylamino-phenyl) adamantane which can undergo alkaline hydrolysis for synthesis of 1, 3 bis (4-aniline) adamantane. The synthetic route has many advantages including relative high reaction yield and easy purification, etc., therefore greatly facilitating the synthesis of 1, 3-diaryl adamantane derivatives.
The above information is edited by the Chemicalbook of Dai Xiongfeng.
Uses
1-adamantanol can be used as the intermediate for synthesis of adamantanes derivatives. For example, it can be used for the manufacture of synthetic adamantane derivatives and adapalene. It can react with vinylidene chloride to give 1-adamantane acetic acid.
Description
1-Adamantanol is a cyclic molecule with a hydroxyl group. It is produced by the oxidation of 2-methyl-2-adamantanol. 1-Adamantanol has been shown to be an effective substrate for bioremediation in wastewater treatment plants and can be used as a precursor to produce trifluoroacetic acid.
Chemical Properties
white to off-white crystalline powder or needles
Uses
1-Adamantanol was used in the preparation of 1,3-adamantanediol. It is used in the manufacture of synthetic adamantane derivatives and adapalene.
Purification Methods
If 2-adamantanol is a suspected impurity, then dissolve the substance (10g) in acetone (100mL) and add Jones's reagent [CrO3 (10.3g) in H2O (30mL)], then conc H2SO4 (8.7mL) is added dropwise (turns green in colour) until excess reagent is present (slight red colour). Stir overnight, decant the acetone solution from the Cr salts and adamantan-2-one, dry (Na2SO4) and evaporate to dryness. The residue (ca 7g) is chromatographed through Al2O3 (250g) and washed with 50% *benzene/pet ether (b 40-60o), then 100% Et2O (to remove any adamantan-2-one present) and the 1-adamantanol is then eluted with 5% MeOH in Et2O. The eluate is evaporated, and the residue is recrystallised from pet ether (b 30-60o) at -70o, m 287.2-288.5o. It also crystallises from MeOH and can be sublimed in vacuo. It has characteristic IR, max 3640, 1114, 1086, 982 and 930cm-1. [Schleyer & Nicholas J Am Chem Soc 83 182 1961.] [Beilstein 6 IV 391.] Alternatively, if free from the 2-isomer, dissolve it in tetrahydrofuran, dilute with H2O to precipitate the alcohol. Collect, dry and sublime it in a vacuum at 130o. [Stetter et al. Chem Ber 92 1629 1959.]
