Description
Silver acetate (C2H3AgO2) is a photosensitive, white, crystalline solid which is widely used in the laboratory. As a source of silver ions lacking an oxidizing anion, it is a useful reagent for direct ortho-arylation, and for conversion of organohalogen compounds into alcohols, etc. It also serves as a catalyst to effectively catalyze the cycloaddition reactions of isocyanoacetates with a variety of olefins. It can be employed in the novel preparation of highly reflective, conductive silvered polymer films.Besides, it has applications in some antismoking drugs and in the health field, in which the products containing silver acetate have been applied in spray, and lozenges to deter smokers from smoking. When mixed with smoke, the silver acetate creates an unpleasant metallic taste in the smoker's mouth, thereby preventing them from smoking.
References
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Silver_acetate
https://www.alfa.com/zh-cn/catalog/011660/
http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/sigma/s1633?lang=en®ion=US
Description
Silver acetate is an organic compound with the empirical formula CH
3COOAg (or AgC
2H
3O
2). It is a photosensitive, white crystalline solid. It is a useful reagent in the laboratory as a water soluble source of silver lacking an oxidizing anion. It has been used in some antismoking drugs.
Chemical Properties
Off-White/Brown Crystalline Powder
Uses
It is a reagent in the laboratory as a source of silver ions lacking an oxidizing anion. It is a reagent for direct ortho-arylation, and for conversion of organohalogen compounds into alcohols. Woodward cis-hydroxylation reaction employs silver acetate and iodine for selective conversin of alkenes into cis-diols. Silver acetate is the more preferred reagent for facile carbonylation of primary and secondary amines. It is also employed in the preparation of highly reflective, conductive silvered polymer films.
Uses
In the health field, silver acetate-containing products have been used in gum, spray, and lozenges to deter smokers from smoking. The silver in these products, when mixed with smoke, creates an unpleasant metallic taste in the smoker's mouth, thus deterring them from smoking. Lozenges containing 2.5 mg of silver acetate showed "modest efficacy" on 500 adult smokers tested over a three-month period. However, over a period of 12 months, prevention failed. In 1974, silver acetate was first introduced in Europe as an over-thecounter smoking-deterrent lozenge (Repaton) and then three years later as a chewing gum (Tabmint).
Uses
Oxidizing agent for use in liquid ammonia: Kline, Kershner, Inorg. Chem. 5, 932 (1966).
Reactions
3 – 1 - Carbonylation Silver acetate, when combined with carbon monoxide (CO), can induce the carbonylation of primary and secondary amines. Other silver salts can be used but the acetate gives the best yield.
2 R
2NH + 2 AgOAc + CO → [R
2N]
2CO + 2 HOAc + 2 Ag
3 – 2 - Hydrogenation Silver acetate in a solution of pyridine absorbs hydrogen and is reduced to metallic silver.
3 – 3 - Direct ortho - arylation Silver acetate is a useful reagent for direct ortho-arylation (to install two adjacent substituents on an aromatic ring) for of benzylamines and N-methylbenzylamines. The reaction is palladiumcatalized and requires a slight excess of silver acetate.This reaction is shorter than previous ortho-arylation methods.
brand name
Smokerette;Tabmint.
World Health Organization (WHO)
Silver acetate has been used as a disinfectant and as an antismoking
aid. It was refused registration in Cyprus on the grounds that prolonged use of silver salts can cause permanent argyria and that no well-controlled trials
have been performed to establish the safety and efficacy of the preparation. It
remains registered as an aid to stopping smoking in Canada and the United States.
General Description
White crystalline plates. Light sensitive. Density 3.26 g / cm3.
Air & Water Reactions
Slightly soluble in water.
Reactivity Profile
Silver acetate is freely soluble in dilute nitric acid [Merck]. Can serve as an oxidizing agent.
Health Hazard
Inhalation of dust irritates nose and throat. Contact with eyes or skin causes irritation. If continued for a long period, ingestion or inhalation of silver compounds can cause permanent discoloration of skin (argyria).
Safety
The LD
50 of silver acetate in mice is 36.7 mg/kg. Low doses of silver acetate in mice produced hyper-excitability, ataxia, central nervous system depression, labored breathing, and even death. The U.S. FDA recommends that silver acetate intake be limited to 756 mg over a short period of time; excessive intake may cause argyria.
Synthesis
The silver acetate salt can be synthesized by the reaction of acetic acid and silver carbonate at 45 – 60 °C. After allowing cooling to room temperature, the solid product precipitates.
2 CH
3CO
2H + Ag
2CO
3 → 2 AgO
2CCH
3 + H
2O + CO
2 It can also be precipitated from concentrated aqueous solutions of silver nitrate by treatment with a solution of sodium acetate.
The structure of silver acetate consists of 8-membered Ag
2O
4C
2 rings formed by a pair of acetate ligands bridging a pair of silver centres.
Purification Methods
Shake it with acetic acid for three days, and the process is repeated with fresh acid. The solid is then dried in a vacuum oven at 40o for 48hours. It has also been recrystallised from water containing a trace of acetic acid, and dried in air. Store it in the dark. [Beilstein 2 IV 112.]
