Chlordiazepoxidhydrochlorid

Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)

• Bildanzeige (GHS)

  

• Alarmwort

  Warnung

• Gefahrenhinweise

  H302：Gesundheitsschädlich bei Verschlucken.

• Sicherheit

  P201：Vor Gebrauch besondere Anweisungen einholen.

  P308+P313：BEI Exposition oder falls betroffen: Ärztlichen Rat einholen/ärztliche Hilfe hinzuziehen.

CHLORDIAZEPOXIDE HYDROCHLORIDE Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

• R-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:

  R22:Gesundheitsschädlich beim Verschlucken.
  R62:Kann möglicherweise die Fortpflanzungsfähigkeit beeinträchtigen.
  R63:Kann das Kind im Mutterleib möglicherweise schädigen.
  R68:Irreversibler Schaden möglich.

• S-Sätze Betriebsanweisung:

  S22:Staub nicht einatmen.
  S36/37:Bei der Arbeit geeignete Schutzhandschuhe und Schutzkleidung tragen.

• Chemische Eigenschaften

  white crystalline powder

• Originator

  Librium,Roche,W. Germany,1960

• Verwenden

  Sedative-hypnotic.

• Manufacturing Process

  A mixture of 202 g 2-amino-5-chlorobenzophenone, 190 g hydroxylamine hydrochloride, 500 cc pyridine and 1,200 cc alcohol was refluxed for 16 hours, then concentrated in vacuo to dryness. The residue was treated with a mixture of ether and water. The water was separated, the ether layer containing a considerable amount of precipitated reaction product was washed with some water and diluted with petroleum ether. The crystalline reaction product, 2-amino-5-chlorobenzophenone-alpha-oxime, was filtered off. The product was recrystallized from a mixture of ether and petroleum ether forming colorless prisms, MP 164 to 167°C.
  To a warm solution (50°C) of 172.5 g (0.7 mol) of 2-amino-5- chlorobenzophenone-alpha-oxime in one liter glacial acetic acid were added 110 cc (1.47 mols) chloroacetyl chloride. The mixture was heated for 10 minutes at 50°C and then stirred at room temperature for 15 hours. The precipitated yellow prisms, 2-chloromethyl-4-phenyl-6-chloroquinazoline 3- oxide hydrochloride, were filtered off, melting range 128° to 150°C with dec.
  The acetic acid mother liquor, containing the rest of the reaction product, was concentrated in vacuo. The residue was dissolved in methylene chloride and washed with ice cold sodium carbonate solution. The organic solution was dried, concentrated in vacuo to a small volume and diluted with ether and petroleum ether. Fine yellow needles of 2-chloromethyl-4-phenyl-6- chloroquinazoline 3-oxide precipitated. The pure base was recrystallized from a mixture of methylene chloride, ether and petroleum ether, MP 133° to 134°C.
  Ninety-eight grams of 6-chloro-2-chloromethyl-4-phenylquinazoline 3-oxide hydrochloride were introduced into 600 cc of ice cold 25% methanolic methylamine. The mixture was initially cooled to about 30°C and then stirred at room temperature. After 15 hours the reaction product which precipitated was filtered off. The mother liquor was concentrated in vacuo to dryness. The residue was dissolved in methylene chloride, washed with water and dried with sodium sulfate. The methylene chloride solution was concentrated in vacuo and the crystalline residue was boiled with a small amount of acetone to dissolve the more soluble impurities. The mixture was then cooled at 5°C for 10 hours and filtered. The crystalline product, 7-chloro-2-methylamino-5- phenyl-3H-1,4-benzodiazepine 4-oxide, was recrystallized from ethanol forming light yellow plates, MP 236° to 236.5°C.
  A solution of 7-chloro-2-methylamino-5-phenyl-3H-1,4-benzodiazepine 4-oxide in an equivalent amount of methanolic hydrochloric acid was diluted with ether and petroleum ether.
  The precipitated hydrochloride was filtered off and recrystallized from methanol, MP 213°C.

• Trademarks

  Librium (Valeant).

• Therapeutic Function

  Tranquilizer

• Allgemeine Beschreibung

  Crystals or off-white powder.

• Allgemeine Beschreibung

  Chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride, 7-chloro-2-(methylamino)-5-phenyl-3H-1,4-benzodiazepine4-oxide monohydrochloride (Librium), is well absorbedafter oral administration. Peak plasma levels are reachedin 2 to 4 hours. The half-life of chlordiazepoxide is 6 to30 hours. N-demethylation and hydrolysis of the condensedamidino group are rapid and extensive, producing demoxepamas a major metabolite. Demoxepam can undergo fourdifferent metabolic fates. It is converted principally to itsactive metabolite nordazepam, which is also a major activemetabolite of diazepam, clorazepate, and prazepam.Nordazepam, in turn, is converted principally to active oxazepam(marketed separately), which conjugated to the excretedglucuronide. Because of the long half-life of parentdrug and its active metabolites, this drug is long acting andself-tapering. As with diazepam (vide infra), repeated administrationof chlordiazepoxide can result in accumulationof parent drug and its active metabolites, and thus cause excessivesedation.

• Air & Water Reaktionen

  Slightly soluble in water.

• Reaktivität anzeigen

  Acidic salt of an amine. Materials in this group are generally soluble in water. The resulting solutions contain moderate concentrations of hydrogen ions and have pH's of less than 7.0. They react as acids to neutralize bases. These neutralizations generate heat, but less or far less than is generated by neutralization of inorganic acids, inorganic oxoacids, and carboxylic acid. They usually do not react as either oxidizing agents or reducing agents but such behavior is not impossible.

• Hazard

  CNS depressant. Manufacture and dosage controlled by law.

• Brandgefahr

  Flash point data for CHLORDIAZEPOXIDE HYDROCHLORIDE are not available. CHLORDIAZEPOXIDE HYDROCHLORIDE is probably combustible.

• Sicherheitsprofil

  Poison by intraperitoneal and intravenous routes. Moderately toxic by ingestion and subcutaneous routes. An experimental teratogen. Experimental reproductive effects. Human systemic effects: ataxia, dlstorted perceptions, hallucinations, somnolence, and surface EEG changes. Mutation data reported. A minor tranquhzer. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of HCl and NOx.

• Arzneimittelwechselwirkung

  Potentially hazardous interactions with other drugs
  Antibacterials: metabolism possibly increased by rifampicin.
  Antipsychotics: enhanced sedative effects; serious adverse events reported with clozapine and benzodiazepines.
  Antivirals: concentration possibly increased by ritonavir.
  Sodium oxybate: enhanced effects of sodium oxybate - avoid.
  Ulcer-healing drugs: metabolism inhibited by cimetidine.

• Stoffwechsel

  Chlordiazepoxide is extensively metabolised in the liver. The elimination half-life of chlordiazepoxide ranges from about 6-30 hours, but its main active metabolite desmethyldiazepam (nordazepam) has a half-life of several days. Other pharmacologically active metabolites of chlordiazepoxide include desmethylchlordiazepoxide, demoxepam, and oxazepam.
  Unchanged drug and metabolites are excreted in the urine, mainly as conjugated metabolites.

CHLORDIAZEPOXIDE HYDROCHLORIDE Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

Chlordiazepoxidhydrochlorid Anbieter Lieferant Produzent Hersteller Vertrieb Händler.

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