Ketorolac

Bezeichnung:Ketorolac

CAS-Nr74103-06-3

Englisch Name:Ketorolac

CBNumberCB6392833

SummenformelC15H13NO3

Molgewicht255.27

MOL-Datei74103-06-3.mol

Ketorolac physikalisch-chemischer Eigenschaften

Schmelzpunkt	160-161°C
Siedepunkt	493.2±40.0 °C(Predicted)
Dichte	1.33±0.1 g/cm3(Predicted)
storage temp.	2-8°C
Löslichkeit	Chloroform (Slightly), Methanol (Slightly)
Aggregatzustand	Solid
pka	3.49 ±0.02(at 25℃)
Farbe	Off-White
Wasserlöslichkeit	183mg/L(32 ºC)
CAS Datenbank	74103-06-3(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA chemische Informationen	1H-Pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid, 5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro- (74103-06-3)

Sicherheit

RIDADR	3249
HazardClass	6.1(a)
PackingGroup	II
HS Code	2933998090
Toxizität	LD50 orally in mice: ~200 mg/kg (Rooks)

Gefahreninformationscode (GHS)

Ketorolac Chemische Eigenschaften,Einsatz,Produktion Methoden

Chemische Eigenschaften
Light yellow solid
Verwenden
antiarrhythmic
Verwenden
Ketorolac-d5 is a labeled analogue of Ketorolac, a Prostaglandin biosynthesis inhibitor. Analgesic; anti-inflammatory.
Verwenden
prostaglandin F2a analogue
Indications
Ketorolac (Toradol), an NSAID chemically related to indomethacin and tolmetin, is mainly used as an analgesic, not for the treatment of inflammatory disease. It is available in oral, parenteral, and topical formulations.
Definition
ChEBI: Ketorolac is a racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-(+)- and (S)-(-)-5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid. While only the (S)-(-) enantiomer is a COX1 and COX2 inhibitor, the (R)-(+) enantiomer exhibits potent analgesic activity. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, ketorolac is mainly used (generally as the tromethamine salt) for its potent analgesic properties in the short-term management of post-operative pain, and in eye drops to relieve the ocular itching associated with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis. It was withdrawn from the market in many countries in 1993 following association with haemorrhage and renal failure. It has a role as a cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, a cyclooxygenase 1 inhibitor, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and an analgesic. It contains a (R)-ketorolac and a (S)-ketorolac. It is a conjugate acid of a ketorolac(1-).
Trademarks
Acular (Allergan); Toradol (Roche).
Weltgesundheitsorganisation (WHO)
Ketorolac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agent used in the management of moderate to severe acute post-operative pain. It remains on the market in many countries with restrictions on its use.
Biologische Funktion
Ketorolac (Toradol) is an NSAID with very mild antiinflammatory and antipyretic activity. It is a potent analgesic for postoperative pain. Its efficacy is equivalent to that of low doses of morphine in the control of pain. For this reason it is often combined with opioids to reduce opioid dose and related side effects while providing adequate pain relief. It is also used to replace the opioids in some patients with opioid sensitivity. The mechanism of action of ketorolac involves the inhibition of COX and decreased formation of prostaglandins. However, some evidence exists that ketorolac may stimulate the release of endogenous opioids as a part of its analgesic activity.
Allgemeine Beschreibung
Ketorolac tromethamine (Toradol), marketed as a mixture of(R)- and (S)-ketorolac enantiomers, is a potent NSAID analgesicindicated for the treatment of moderately severe, acutepain. It should be noted that the pharmacokinetic dispositionof ketorolac in humans is subject to marked enantioselectivity.Thus, it is important to monitor the individual blood levelsso an accurate assessment of its therapeutic action can bemade correctly. However, it should be noted that, beingone of the conventional NSAIDs with highest risk of GIcomplications, its administration should not exceed 5 days.
Clinical Use
Ketorolac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug mainly used for the treatment of moderate to severe postoperative pain. Ketorolac shows a balanced inhibition of COX-1 and COX-2 in cultured human cells . Ketorolac is mostly used as the tromethamine salt. Due to a number of severe side effects including gastrointestinal disturbances, impairment of liver functions, renal failures, skin irritations, and other hypersensitivity reaction it has been withdrawn in many countries.
Synthese
Benzoylation of 2-methylthiopyrrole with N,N-dimethylbenzamide in the presence of POCl3 in refluxing CH2Cl2 gives 5-benzoyl-2-methylthiopyrrole, which is condensed with spiro-5,7-dioxa-6,6-dimethyloctane- 4,8-dione by means of NaH in DMF. Oxidation of this product with m-chloroperbenzoic acid in CH2Cl2 affords the sulfone, which is submitted to methanolysis with methanol and HCl giving 1-(3,3-dimethoxycarbonylpropyl)- 2-methanesulfonyl-5-benzoylpyrrole. Cyclization with NaH inDMFyields dimethyl-5-benzoyl- 1,2-dihydro-3H-pyrrolopyrrole-1,1- dicarboxylate, which is finally hydrolyzed and decarboxylated withKOHin refluxing methanol .

Ketorolac Upstream-Materialien And Downstream Produkte

Ketorolac Anbieter Lieferant Produzent Hersteller Vertrieb Händler.

74103-06-3, Ketorolac Verwandte Suche:

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