General Description
Colorless liquid with a strong acid odor. Denser than water and slightly soluble in water. Hence sinks in water.
Reactivity Profile
1,2,3-TRICHLOROPROPANE(96-18-4) is sensitive to prolonged exposure to light. Sensitive to heat. May react with active metals, strong caustics and oxidizing agents. Attacks some plastics, rubber and some coatings .
Air & Water Reactions
Slightly soluble in water.
Health Hazard
Inhalation of vapor causes anesthesia, dizziness, and nausea. Vapor is highly irritating by inhalation routes and moderately irritating by dermal routes. Exposure of eyes to vapor may result in slight, transient injury to the cornea.
Potential Exposure
Trichloropropane dissolves oils, fats,
waxes, chlorinated rubber; and numerous resins; it is used
as a paint and varnish remover; a solvent; and a degreasing
agent.
First aid
If this chemical gets into the eyes, remove any
contact lenses at once and irrigate immediately for at least
15 minutes, occasionally lifting upper and lower lids. Seek
medical attention immediately. If this chemical contacts the
skin, remove contaminated clothing and wash immediately
with soap and water. Seek medical attention immediately.
If this chemical has been inhaled, remove from exposure,
begin rescue breathing (using universal precautions,
including resuscitation mask) if breathing has stopped and
CPR if heart action has stopped. Transfer promptly to a
medical facility. When this chemical has been swallowed,
get medical attention. Give large quantities of water and
induce vomiting. Do not make an unconscious person
vomit.
Shipping
UN2810 Toxic liquids, organic, n.o.s., Hazard
Class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, Technical
Name Required.
Incompatibilities
Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates,
nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine,
bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions.
Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases,
strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides. Violent decomposition
with chemically active metals; strong bases. Keep away
from chlorinated rubber, resins and waxes; and sunlight.
Waste Disposal
Incineration, preferably after
mixing with another combustible fuel. Care must be exercised
to assure complete combustion to prevent the formation
of phosgene. An acid scrubber is necessary to remove
the halo acids produced.
Physical properties
Clear, colorless liquid with a strong, chloroform-like odor
Definition
ChEBI: 1,2,3-Trichloropropane is an organochlorine compound.
Fire Hazard
Combustible liquid; flash point (closed cup)
73°C (164°F), (open cup) 82°C (180°F).
Vapors of 1,2,3-trichloropropane form explo sive mixtures with air, with LEL and UEL
values of 3.2% and 12.6% by volume in air,
respectively. The compound reacts vigorously
with alkali metals, powdered magnesium, or
aluminum; caustic alkalies; and oxidizers.
Flammability and Explosibility
Nonflammable
Carcinogenicity
1,2,3-Trichloropropane is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen based on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in experimental animals.
Environmental Fate
Chemical/Physical. The hydrolysis rate constant for 1,2,3-trichloropropane at pH 7 and 25 °C
was determined to be 1.8 x 10-6/h, resulting in a half-life of 43.9 yr (Ellington et al., 1988). The
hydrolysis half-lives decrease at varying pHs and temperature. At 87 °C, the hydrolysis half-lives
at pH values of 3.07, 7.12, and 9.71 were 21.1, 11.6, and 0.03 d, respectively (Ellington et al.,
1986). By analogy to 1,2-dibromo-2-chloropropane, the following hydrolysis products would be
formed: 2,3-dichloro-1-propanol, 2,3-dichloropropene, epichlorohydrin, 1-chloro-2,3-
dihydroxypropane, glycerol, 1-hydroxy-2,3-propylene oxide, 2-chloro-3-hydroxypropene, and
HCl (Kollig, 1993).
The volatilization half-life of 1,2,3-trichloropropane (1 mg/L) from water at 25 °C using a
shallow-pitch propeller stirrer at 200 rpm at an average depth of 6.5 cm was 56.1 min (Dilling,
1977).
Toxicity evaluation
It is currently believed that TCP itself has very low activity,
while its metabolites mainly cause toxicity, carcinogenicity, and
other effects. The liver can metabolize TCP by cytochrome P450
enzymes to give reactive intermediates, which bind to glutathione
or other protein for excretion. The reactive intermediates
can bind to DNA, proteins, and other molecules and cause
hepatocellular damage, gene mutation, and organ dysfunction.
Activation of the molecule may occur by reaction with glutathione.
The metabolites (e.g., dichloroacetone) accumulated
through glutathione depletion and consequently covalent
binding to DNA and other macromolecules such as microsomal
proteins.
