Description
Dimetridazole is a nitroimidazole-based compound with antibacterial and anticoccidial activity.
1 It was once widely used in the treatment of parasitic infections in poultry, cattle, swine and farmed fish until suspected to be carcinogenic and mutagenic to humans.
2 Hydroxy dimetridazole is a metabolite of dimetridazole that may be useful for identifying this nitroimidazole in various agricultural samples through liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry and other methods.
2,3,4
Synthesis
In a sealed glass tube, formaldehyde (1 g, 33.54 mmol) and 1-methyl-5-nitro-1H-imidazole (4a) (1 g, 7.8 mmol) were dissolved in DMSO (5 mL). The reaction tube was heated in an oil bath at 140°C for 48 hours. Upon completion of the reaction, the reaction solution was poured into water (5 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 5 mL). The organic phases were combined and dried with anhydrous magnesium sulfate, followed by concentration under reduced pressure to remove the solvent to give the crude product. The crude product was purified by recrystallization via THF/heptane (1:1) mixed solvent to afford the target product 1-methyl-5-nitro-2-hydroxymethylimidazole (5a) (0.76 g, 62% yield) in white powder form. The melting point of the product was 117°C.
References
[1] Journal of the Chemical Society, Perkin Transactions 1: Organic and Bio-Organic Chemistry (1972-1999), 1987, p. 2819 - 2828
[2] Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2011, vol. 21, # 3, p. 1015 - 1018
[3] Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2003, vol. 46, # 3, p. 427 - 440
[4] Tetrahedron, 2000, vol. 56, # 4, p. 645 - 657
[5] Patent: WO2014/205414, 2014, A1. Location in patent: Paragraph 0298
