Chemical Properties
Dark-brown, fixed oil; repulsive odor. Soluble in water. Combustible.
Hazard
Evolves very toxic ammonium cyanide
when heated to 180C.
Description
Bone oil is used as an animal repellent. Little information has been published regarding its environmental fate or ecotoxicology. It is moderately toxic to mammals via the oral route and may be a skin irritant.
Definition
Substance obtained by destructive distillation of bones. Contains pyrrole, aniline, stearonitrile, valeronitrile, pyridine, methylamine and other nitrogenous compounds.
Production Methods
Bone oil is commercially produced through destructive distillation of animal bones. The production process involves heating animal bones in sealed retorts at high temperatures (typically above 500 DegC) in the absence of air. This pyrolysis breaks down organic components into volatile compounds, which are then condensed and separated into fractions. The resulting dark-brown, viscous liquid contains a complex mixture of nitrogenous compounds, including pyrrole and ammonia derivatives. After distillation, the oil is filtered and sometimes neutralized to reduce its pungent odour and improve stability.
Mechanism of action
Repellent. Non-toxic with short term action due to unpleasant odour and taste