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Ginsenoside Rh₂ is a steroid glycoside found in plants of the genus Panax that has diverse biological activities. It inhibits release of β-hexosaminidase from RBL-2H3 cells (IC₅₀ = 100 μM) and inhibits the IgE-dependent passive cutaneous anaphylaxis reaction in mice at a dose of 25 mg/kg. It inhibits growth of HRA ovarian and BxPC-3 pancreatic cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. In vivo, ginsenoside Rh₂ decreases immobility time in the forced swim test in a mouse model of colorectal carcinoma. Ginsenoside Rh₂ also reduces infarct volume in a rat model of ischemia-reperfusion-induced brain injury.

White solid

20(S)-Ginsenoside Rh2 is a bioactive metabolite of the ginsenoside component of Panax ginseng that has been shown to exhibit antibacterial effects in vitro.

ChEBI: A ginsenoside found in Panax species that is dammarane which is substituted by hydroxy groups at the 3beta, 12beta and 20 pro-S positions, in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has been converted to the corresponding beta-D-glucopyranoside, and in which a double bond has been introduced at the 24-25 position.

Ginsenoside-Rh2, a plant glycosidewith a dammarane skeleton, has been shown to induce apoptosis in a caspase 3,8-dependent manner or the activation of cyclinA-Cdk2 by caspase 3-mediated cleavage of p21(WAF1/CIP1). Also, ginsenoside-Rh2 was shown to inhibit proliferation by inducing the protein expression of p21 and reducing the protein levels of cyclin D, which resulted in the downregulation of cyclin/Cdk complex kinase activity, a reduction in phosphorylation of pRb and the inhibition of E2F release or modulation of MAP kinases in various cancer cells[1].