Xanthotoxol is a coumarin and a major component in
C. monnieri that has diverse biological activities.
1,2,3,4,5 It inhibits proliferation of HeLa and HepG2 cells
in vitro (IC
50s = 23.59 and 15.57 μM, respectively).
1 Xanthotoxol increases histamine release from mast cells and decreases secretion of TNF-α, IL-4, and IL-1β from RBL-2H3 cells induced by DNP-human serum albumin (DNP-HSA).
2 It is nematocidal against
M. incognita (IC
50 = 68 mg/L).
3 In vivo, xanthotoxol inhibits predatory mouse and rat killing behavior in dogs and cats when administered at doses ranging from 3 to 100 mg/kg and 5 to 20 mg/kg, respectively.
4 It reduces amphetamine-induced hypermobility in mice and hamsters. Xanthotoxol (5 and 10 mg/kg) reduces brain edema, neutrophil infiltration, blood-brain barrier disruption, production of IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-8, and nitric oxide (NO), and levels of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and E-selectin in a rat model of focal cerebral ischemia.
5 
