Uses
β-Estradiol 17-(β-D-glucuronide) sodium salt has been used as a standard to determine the quantity of β-Estradiol 17-(β-D-glucuronide) during UDP-glucuronosyltransferase assay. It has also been used as a constituent of modified synthetic oviduct fluid (m-SOF) for maturation of bovine cumulus oocyte complexes (COC).
Definition
ChEBI: Sodium 17beta-estradiol 17-glucosiduronate is an organic sodium salt that has 17beta-estradiol 17-glucosiduronate as the anion. It contains a 17beta-estradiol 17-glucosiduronate.
Biological Activity
km: 75 μmestradiol 17-(β-d-glucuronide) is a substrate of the multidrug resistance protein 2 (mrp2).mrp2 is a member of the superfamily of atp-binding cassette (abc) transporters, which transport various molecules across extra- and intra-cellular membranes. mrp2 is a member of the mrp subfamily that is involved in multi-drug resistance. mrp2 is expressed in the apical side of the hepatocyte and functions in biliary transport.
Biochem/physiol Actions
Estradiol 17-(β-D-glucuronide) (E217G) is a naturally occurring conjugated estrogen. It is formed in the liver and later excreted in bile. Increased concentrations of E217G leads to the development of cholestasis during the later stages of pregnancy, a condition which occurs with high frequency in the Dubin-Johnson syndrome.
in vitro
estradiol 17-(β-d-glucuronide) was identified as an atp dependent, osmotically sensitive transport of the naturally occurring conjugated estrogen, and was found to be readily demonstrable in plasma membrane vesicles from populations of mrp-transfected hela cells. the involvement of mrp was confirmed by demonstrating that transport was completely inhibited by a monoclonal antibody specific for an intracellular conformational epitope of the protein [1].
in vivo
animal study found that estradiol 17-(β-d-glucuronide) could induce an immediate, profound and reversible inhibition of bile flow after its i.v. administration to the rat. moreover, the cholestasis degree was found to be dose-dependent in the range of 8.5 to 21 mumol/kg i.v. a dose of 11 mumol/kg i.v. was able to inhibit bile flow and bile acid secretory rate 65 to 70% within 15 to 30 min of its administration. in addition, the bile flow and bile acid secretion returned to near control levels within 3 hours [2].
References
[1] loe, d. w.,almquist, k.c.,cole, s.p., et al. atp-dependent 17β-estradiol 17-(β-d-glucuronide) transport by multidrug resistance protein (mrp). inhibition by cholestatic steroids. the journal of biological chemisty 271(16), 9683-9689 (1996).
[2] meyers m, slikker w, pascoe g, vore m. characterization of cholestasis induced by estradiol-17 beta-d-glucuronide in the rat. j pharmacol exp ther. 1980 jul;214(1):87-93.
