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Quorum sensing is a regulatory system used by bacteria for controlling gene expression in response to increasing cell density. This regulatory process manifests itself with a variety of phenotypes including biofilm formation and virulence factor production. Coordinated gene expression is achieved by the production, release, and detection of small diffusible signal molecules called autoinducers. The N-acylated homoserine lactones (AHLs) comprise one such class of autoinducers, each of which generally consists of a fatty acid coupled with homoserine lactone (HSL). Regulation of bacterial quorum sensing signaling systems to inhibit pathogenesis represents a new approach to antimicrobial therapy in the treatment of infectious diseases. AHLs vary in acyl group length (C₄-C₁₈), in the substitution of C3 (hydrogen, hydroxyl, or oxo group), and in the presence or absence of one or more carbon-carbon double bonds in the fatty acid chain. These differences confer signal specificity through the affinity of transcriptional regulators of the LuxR family. An unspecified positional and geometric isomer of 3-oxo-C16:1-(L)-HSL is produced by the F2/5 strain of A. vitis, the bacterium responsible for grape crown gall and its resulting loss of agricultural productivity.

3-Oxo-C16:1 could induce changes in root protein production in the model legume Medicago truncatula. 3-Oxo-C16:1 is an unsaturated 16-carbon AHL utilized by species such as S. meliloti and Agrobacterium vitus[1].

ChEBI: N-3-oxo-hexadec-11(Z)-enoyl-L-Homoserine lactone is a N-acyl-amino acid.

[1] Andrew G Palmer, Plant responses to bacterial N-acyl L-homoserine lactones are dependent on enzymatic degradation to L-homoserine. ACS Chem Biol. 2014 Aug 15;9(8):1834-45. DOI:10.1021/cb500191a