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Sparstolonin B acts as a selective TLR2 and TLR4 antagonist and selectively blocks TLR2- and TLR4-mediated inflammatory signaling. Sparstolonin B has anti-HIV and anticancer activities[1][2].

Sparstolonin B (SsnB) is a polyphenol. It has a structural features similar to xanthone and isocoumarin. SsnB exerts anti-inflammatory properties on mouse and human macrophages. SsnB can significantly reduce hypoxia–reoxygenation-induced inflammation of cardiomyocytes by blocking extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK1/2) and c-jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) signaling pathways. Thus, SsnB acts as a potent therapeutic for the treatment of myocardial ischemia–reperfusion (MIR) injury.

TLR2; TLR4; HIV-1

[1] Liang Q, et al. Characterization of sparstolonin B, a Chinese herb-derived compound, as a selective Toll-like receptor antagonist with potent anti-inflammatory properties. J Biol Chem. 2011;286(30):26470-26479. DOI:10.1074/jbc.M111.227934
[2] Deng X, et al. The Chinese herb-derived Sparstolonin B suppresses HIV-1 transcription. Virol J. 2015;12:108. Published 2015 Jul 25. DOI:10.1186/s12985-015-0339-8
[3] Kumar A, et al. Sparstolonin B, a novel plant derived compound, arrests cell cycle and induces apoptosis in N-myc amplified and N-myc nonamplified neuroblastoma cells [published correction appears in PLoS One. 2016;11(7):e0159082]. PLoS One. 2014;9(5):e96343. Published 2014 May 1. DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0096343