ChemicalBook CAS DataBase List 109-74-0

109-74-0

Name	BUTYRONITRILE
CAS	109-74-0
EINECS(EC#)	203-700-6
Molecular Formula	C4H7N
MDL Number	MFCD00001968
Molecular Weight	69.11
MOL File	109-74-0.mol

Chemical Properties

Appearance	colourless liquid
Melting point	−112 °C(lit.)
Boiling point	115-117 °C(lit.)
density	0.794 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)
vapor density	2.4 (vs air)
vapor pressure	23 mm Hg ( 25 °C)
refractive index	n20/D 1.384(lit.)
Fp	62 °F
storage temp.	Flammables area
solubility	slightly soluble in water; soluble in alcohol, ether and dimethylformamide
form	Liquid
color	Clear
Stability:	Stable. Combustible. Substances to be avoided include strong acids, strong bases, strong oxidizing agents and strong reducing agents.
explosive limit	1.6% (v/v)
Water Solubility	Miscible with benzene, alcohol, ether and dimethylformamide. Slightly soluble in water.
Merck	14,1597
BRN	1361452
Henry's Law Constant	1.8×10^-1 mol/(m³Pa) at 25℃, Brockbank (2013)
Dielectric constant	20.7（21℃）
Exposure limits	TLV-TWA 22.5 mg/m³ (8 ppm) (NIOSH).
InChI	1S/C4H7N/c1-2-3-4-5/h2-3H2,1H3
InChIKey	KVNRLNFWIYMESJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N
SMILES	CCCC#N
LogP	0.401 at 30℃
Surface tension	28.1mN/m at 20°C
Uses	Basic material in industrial, chemical, and pharmaceutical intermediates and products; poul- try medicines. less more
CAS DataBase Reference	109-74-0(CAS DataBase Reference)
EPA Substance Registry System	Butanenitrile (109-74-0)

Safety Data

Symbol(GHS)	GHS02,GHS06
Signal word	Danger
Hazard statements	H225-H301+H311-H330
Precautionary statements	P210-P233-P240-P280-P303+P361+P353-P304+P340+P310
Hazard Codes	T
Risk Statements	R10:Flammable. R23/24/25:Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed . less more
Safety Statements	S45:In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show label where possible) . less more
OEB	A
OEL	TWA: 8 ppm (22 mg/m3)
RIDADR	UN 2411 3/PG 2
WGK Germany	1
RTECS	ET8750000
Autoignition Temperature	910 °F
Hazard Note	Toxic
TSCA	Yes
REACH Registrations	Active
HazardClass	3
PackingGroup	II
HS Code	29269095
Storage Class	3 - Flammable liquids
Hazard Classifications	Acute Tox. 1 Inhalation Acute Tox. 3 Dermal Acute Tox. 3 Oral Flam. Liq. 2
Safety Profile	A poison by ingestion, skin contact, intraperitoneal, and subcutaneous routes. Moderately toxic by inhalation. Experimental reproductive data. A skin irritant. Dangerous fire hazard when exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers. To fight fire, use alcohol foam. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx and CN-. less more
Hazardous Substances Data	109-74-0(Hazardous Substances Data)
Toxicity	LD50 orally in rats: 0.14 g/kg (Smyth) less more

Raw materials And Preparation Products

Hazard Information

General Description

A clear colorless liquid. Flash point 76°F. Less dense than water. Vapors heavier than air. Produces toxic oxides of nitrogen during combustion. Used in the manufacture of other chemicals.

Reactivity Profile

BUTYRONITRILE(109-74-0) can react vigorously with oxidizing reagents, when heated to decomposition, BUTYRONITRILE(109-74-0) emits highly toxic fumes of cyanides and oxides of nitrogen [Sax, 9th ed., 1996, p. 609]. Nitriles may polymerize in the presence of metals and some metal compounds. They are incompatible with acids; mixing nitriles with strong oxidizing acids can lead to extremely violent reactions. Nitriles are generally incompatible with other oxidizing agents such as peroxides and epoxides. The combination of bases and nitriles can produce hydrogen cyanide. Nitriles are hydrolyzed in both aqueous acid and base to give carboxylic acids (or salts of carboxylic acids). These reactions generate heat. Peroxides convert nitriles to amides. Nitriles can react vigorously with reducing agents. Acetonitrile and propionitrile are soluble in water, but nitriles higher than propionitrile have low aqueous solubility. They are also insoluble in aqueous acids.

Air & Water Reactions

Highly flammable. Slightly soluble in water.

Hazard

Flammable, dangerous fire risk.

Health Hazard

Dizziness, rapid respirations, headache, drowsiness, drop in blood pressure and pulse, delayed symptoms. May cause cyanosis (blue-grey coloring of skin and lips due to lack of oxygen)

Fire Hazard

Special Hazards of Combustion Products: Toxic cyanide fumes

Chemical Properties

colourless liquid

Chemical Properties

n-Butyronitrile has a sharp suffocating odor. Forms cyanide in the body.

Definition

ChEBI: A nitrile that is hydrogen cyanide in which the hydrogen has been replaced by a propyl group.

Production Methods

n-Butyronitrile is prepared from 1-butanol by controlled cyanation with NH₃ at 300°C in the presence of Ni-Al₂0₃ or zinc phosphide catalysts.

Flammability and Explosibility

Highlyflammable

Industrial uses

n-Butyronitrile is used as an industrial solvent, an intermediate in the chemical industry and in poultry medicines.

Purification Methods

Treat it with conc HCl until the smell of the isonitrile had gone, then dry with K2CO3 and fractionally distil [Turner J Chem Soc 1681 1956]. Alternatively it is twice heated at 75o and stirred for several hours with a mixture of 7.7g Na2CO3 and 11.5g KMnO4 per L of butyronitrile. The mixture is cooled, then distilled. The middle fraction is dried over activated alumina. [Schoeller & Wiemann J Am Chem Soc 108 22 1986, Beilstein 2 IV 806.]

Waste Disposal

Burning in a chemical incinerator equipped with an afterburner and scrubber is the most effective way to destroy the compound. Oxidation with ethanolic–KOH can convert butyronitrile to nonhazardous cyanate.

Material Safety Data Sheet(MSDS)

Spectrum Detail

Well-known Reagent Company Product Information

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