PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3 (1,2-dipalmitoyl)-d62 (sodium salt) is intended for use as an internal standard for the quantification of PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3 (1,2-dipalmitoyl) (sodium salt) (Item No. 64920) by GC- or LC-MS.. The phosphatidylinositol phosphates represent a small percentage of total membrane phospholipids. However, they play a critical role in the generation and transmission of cellular signals.1,2 PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3 can serve as an anchor for the binding of signal transduction proteins bearing pleckstrin homology (PH) domains. Centuarin α and the Akt-family of GTPase activating proteins are examples of PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3-binding proteins.3,4 Protein-binding to PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3 is important for cytoskeletal rearrangements and membrane trafficking. PtdIns-(3,4,5)-P3 is resistant to cleavage by PI-specific phospholipase C (PLC). Thus, it is likely to function in signal transduction as a modulator in its own right, rather than as a source of inositol tetraphosphates. For further reading on inositol phospholipids, see references 5 and 6.WARNING This product is not for human or veterinary use.