Allyltrichlorosilane

Химические свойства

Clear colorless to slightly yellow liquid

Физические свойства

bp 116°C/750 Torr; nD 1.4450; d 1.211.

Использование

Allyltrichlorosilane acts as a reagent that produces homoallylic alcohols upon reaction with aldehydes in DMF. It is used to make silicones and glass fiber fininshes.

Подготовка

allyl trichlorosilane is conveniently prepared from allyl chloride, Cl3SiH, CuCl, and (i-Pr)2EtN (or Et3N) in ether at 20°C,or from allyl chloride and coppersilicon powder at 250°C.Other methods include the reaction of allyl chloride with SiCl4 in the presence of CuCl and Et3N7 or in the presence of Cp2Ni and HMPA at 90°C,the flash pyrolysis of allyl chloride with Si2Cl2 in PhCl at 500°C,the reaction of allylMgBr with SiCl4,coupling of allene with Cl3SiH, catalyzed by (Ph3P)4Pd (120°C, 5 h),11 and the elimination of HCl from Cl(CH2)3SiCl3 using, e.g., quinoline as base.The analogous (E)-crotyl trichlorosilane can be synthesized from (E)-crotyl chloride, Cl3SiH, CuCl, and (i-Pr)2EtN in ether at 20°C,or from (E)-crotyl chloride, SiCl4, and Cp2Ni in HMPA at 90°C.The reaction of (E)-crotyl chloride with Cl3SiH and Bu4PCl at 150°C has also been reported. (Z)-crotyl trichlorosilane, on the other hand, was prepared via the 1,4-addition of Cl3SiH to butadiene, catalyzed by (Ph4P)4Pd (at 20°Cor?78°C)or by (PhCN)2PdCl2;this hydrosilylation can also be catalyzed by Nior proceed uncatalyzed at 500–600°C.Analogous trifluoro and tribromo derivatives C3H5SiX3 (X = F and Br) have also been described.

Общее описание

A colorless liquid with a pungent odor. Flash point of 95°F. Corrosive to metals and tissue.

Профиль реактивности

Chlorosilanes, such as ALLYLTRICHLOROSILANE, are compounds in which silicon is bonded to from one to four chlorine atoms with other bonds to hydrogen and/or alkyl groups. Chlorosilanes react with water, moist air, or steam to produce heat and toxic, corrosive fumes of hydrogen chloride. They may also produce flammable gaseous H2. They can serve as chlorination agents. Chlorosilanes react vigorously with both organic and inorganic acids and with bases to generate toxic or flammable gases.

Угроза здоровью

Inhalation of vapor irritates mucous membranes. Liquid causes severe burns of eyes and skin and severe internal burns if ingested.

Профиль безопасности

Poison by intravenous route. Corrosive. See ALLYL COMPOUNDS. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic Cl-. A dangerous fire hazard. To fight fire, use foam, mist, spray, dry chemical.

Возможный контакт

Used to make silicones and glass fiber finishes.

Перевозки

UN1724 Allyltrichlorosilane, stabilized, Hazard class: 8; Labels: 8-Corrosive material, 3-Flammable liquid

Несовместимости

Incompatible with oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, etc.); contact may cause fires or explosions. Keep away from alkaline materials, strong bases, strong acids, oxoacids, epoxides. Chlorosilanes react vigorously with bases and both organic and inorganic acids generating toxic and/or flammable gases. Chlorosilanes react with water, moist air, or steam to produce heat and toxic, corrosive fumes of hydrogen chloride gas. They may also produce flammable gaseous hydrogen. Attacks metals in the presence of moisture. Avoid all sources of ignition.