Эпихлоргидрин
- английское имяEpichlorohydrin
- CAS №106-89-8
- CBNumberCB8381781
- ФормулаC3H5ClO
- мольный вес92.52
- EINECS203-439-8
- номер MDLMFCD00005132
- файл Mol106-89-8.mol
химическое свойство
| Температура плавления | -57 °C |
| альфа | -1～+1°(D/20℃)(c=1,CH3OH) |
| Температура кипения | 115-117 °C(lit.) |
| плотность | 1.183 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) |
| плотность пара | 3.2 (vs air) |
| давление пара | 13.8 mm Hg ( 21.1 °C) |
| показатель преломления | n |
| Fp | 93 °F |
| температура хранения | Store below +30°C. |
| растворимость | 65.9g/l |
| форма | Liquid |
| цвет | APHA: ≤20 |
| Удельный вес | 1.183 (20/4℃) |
| Запах | Pungent, garlic; sweet, pungent; like chloroform. |
| Пределы взрываемости | 3.8-21%(V) |
| Растворимость в воде | 6 g/100 mL (10 ºC) |
| Точка замерзания | -57.2℃ |
| Мерк | 14,3611 |
| БРН | 79785 |
| констант закона Генри | 3.42(x 10-5 atm?m3/mol) at 25 °C (static headspace-GC, Welke et al., 1998) |
| Пределы воздействия | TLV-TWA(skin) 8 mg/m3 (2 ppm) (ACGIH); STEL (15 min) 19 mg/m3 (5 ppm) (NIOSH). |
| Диэлектрическая постоянная | 22.9（20℃） |
| Стабильность | Unstable. Flammable - note wide explosion limits and low flash point. |
| Стандарт первичной питьевой воды EPA | MCL:TT4,MCLG:zero |
| LogP | 0.45 at 20℃ |
| Непрямые добавки, используемые в веществах, контактирующих с пищевыми продуктами | EPICHLOROHYDRIN |
| FDA 21 CFR | 176.170 |
| Справочник по базе данных CAS | 106-89-8(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| Рейтинг продуктов питания EWG | 10 |
| FDA UNII | 08OOR508C0 |
| Предложение 65 Список | Epichlorohydrin |
| МАИР | 2A (Vol. 11, Sup 7, 71) 1999 |
| Справочник по химии NIST | Oxirane, (chloromethyl)-(106-89-8) |
| Система регистрации веществ EPA | Epichlorohydrin (106-89-8) |
| UNSPSC Code | 41116107 |
| NACRES | NA.24 |
больше
| Коды опасности | T | |||||||||
| Заявления о рисках | 45-10-23/24/25-34-43 | |||||||||
| Заявления о безопасности | 53-45 | |||||||||
| РИДАДР | UN 2023 6.1/PG 2 | |||||||||
| WGK Германия | 3 | |||||||||
| RTECS | TX4900000 | |||||||||
| Температура самовоспламенения | 779 °F | |||||||||
| TSCA | Yes | |||||||||
| кода HS | 2910 30 00 | |||||||||
| Класс опасности | 6.1 | |||||||||
| Группа упаковки | II | |||||||||
| Банк данных об опасных веществах | 106-89-8(Hazardous Substances Data) | |||||||||
| Токсичность | LD50 orally in rats: 0.09 g/kg (Smyth, Carpenter) | |||||||||
| ИДЛА | 75 ppm | |||||||||
| NFPA 704: |
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рисовальное письмо(GHS)
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рисовальное письмо(GHS)
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сигнальный язык
опасность
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вредная бумага
H301+H311+H331：Токсично при проглатывании, при контакте с кожей или при вдыхании.
H317：При контакте с кожей может вызывать аллергическую реакцию.
H350：Может вызывать раковые заболевания.
H314：При попадании на кожу и в глаза вызывает химические ожоги.
H226：Воспламеняющаяся жидкость. Пары образуют с воздухом взрывоопасные смеси.
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оператор предупредительных мер
P201：Беречь от тепла, горячих поверхностей, искр, открытого огня и других источников воспламенения. Не курить.
P210：Беречь от тепла, горячих поверхностей, искр, открытого огня и других источников воспламенения. Не курить.
P280：Использовать перчатки/ средства защиты глаз/ лица.
P303+P361+P353：ПРИ ПОПАДАНИИ НА КОЖУ (или волосы): Снять/удалить немедленно всю загрязненную одежду. Промыть кожу водой.
P304+P340+P310：ПРИ ВДЫХАНИИ: Свежий воздух, покой. Немедленно обратиться за медицинской помощью.
P305+P351+P338：ПРИ ПОПАДАНИИ В ГЛАЗА: Осторожно промыть глаза водой в течение нескольких минут. Снять контактные линзы, если Вы ими пользуетесь и если это легко сделать. Продолжить промывание глаз.
Эпихлоргидрин химические свойства, назначение, производство
Описание
Epoxy resins of the bisphenol A type are synthesized from epichlorhydrin and bisphenol A. This leads to bisphenol-A diglycidyl ether, which is the monomer of bisphenol-A-based epoxy resins. Sensitization to epichlorhydrin occurs mainly in workers in the epoxy-resin industry. Sensitization in individuals not working at epoxy resin plants is rare. It has however been described to occur after contact with a soil fumigant, due to solvent cement and in a worker in a pharmaceutical plant, in a division for drug synthesis. Epichlorhydrin was used for the production of both drugs propranolol and oxprenolol.Химические свойства
Epichlorohydrin is a colorless liquid with a slightly irritating, chloroform-like odor.Физические свойства
Clear, colorless, mobile liquid with a strong, irritating, chloroform-like odor. Odor threshold concentration is 0.93 ppm (quoted, Amoore and Hautala, 1983).Использование
Epichlorohydrin is used to make glycerol,epoxy resins, adhesive, and castings; asderivatives for producing dyes, pharmaceu-ticals, surfactants, and plasticizers; and asa solvent for resins, gums, paints, andvarnishes.Методы производства
Epichlorohydrin can be prepared from 1,3-dichloropropanol-2, 2,3- dichloropropanol-1, or allyl chloride. Commercially it is prepared as an intermediate in glycerol synthesis via alkaline hydrolysis of glycerol dichlorohydrin. Both come from allyl chloride. Epichlorohydrin reacts with monohydric alcohols to give ethers by opening the oxide ring. It will react with ethers, aldehydes, ketones, organic acids and amines to give a wide variety of useful syntheses.Определение
ChEBI: An epoxide that is 1,2-epoxypropene in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by chlorine.Общее описание
A clear colorless liquid with an irritating chloroform-like odor. Density 9.8 lb / gal. Flash point 87°F. Polymerizable. If polymerization takes place inside a closed container, the container is subject to violent rupture. Irritates the skin and respiratory system. Toxic by ingestion. A confirmed carcinogen. Vapors heavier than air. Used to make plastics and as a solvent.Реакции воздуха и воды
Highly flammable. Water soluble.Профиль реактивности
Epichlorohydrin may polymerize exothermically if heated or contaminated. Reacts explosively with aniline. Ignites on contact with potassium tert-butoxide. Reacts with trichloroethylene to give the explosive dichloroacetylene. Violent reaction with sulfuric acid or isopropylamine. Exothermic polymerization on contact with strong acids or bases, zinc, aluminum, aluminum chloride, iron, ferric chloride [Sax, 9th ed., 1996, p. 1469].Опасность
Toxic by inhalation, ingestion, and skin absorption; strong irritant, a carcinogen. Flammable, moderate fire risk. TLV: 0.5 ppm; animal carcinogen.Угроза здоровью
Epichlorohydrin is caustic as both a liquid and gas. Irritation of the eyes and skin, and skin sensitization has been observed. Exposure to epichlorohydrin has caused inflammation of the lungs, asthmatic bronchitis, and liver and kidney damage. In acute poisonings, death may be caused by respiratory paralysis.Пожароопасность
When heated to decomposition, Epichlorohydrin evolves highly toxic fumes of phosgene and carbon monoxide. Reactive and incompatible with strong oxidizers, strong acids, caustics, zinc, aluminum, chlorides of iron and aluminumand compounds with an active hydrogen atom, including water. Unstable, avoid heat, contaminants, strong acids and bases, certain curing agents such as ethylenediamine. Hazardous polymerization may occur.Химическая реактивность
Reactivity with Water Mild reaction; not likely to be hazardous; Reactivity with Common Materials: No reaction; Stability During Transport: Stable; Neutralizing Agents for Acids and Caustics: Not pertinent; Polymerization: Can polymerize in presence of strong acids and bases, particularly when hot; Inhibitor of Polymerization: None used.Контактные аллергены
Epoxy resin of the Bisphenol A type is synthesized from epichlorhydrin and bisphenol A. It leads to bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, which is the monomer ofbisphenol-A-based epoxy resins. Sensitization to epichlorhydrin occurs mainly in workers of the epoxy resin industry. Sensitization in individuals not working at epoxy resin plants is rare. It has, however, been described to occur following exposure to a soil fumigant, due to solvent cement, and in a worker in a pharmaceutical plant, in a division of drug synthesis. Epichlorhydrin was used for the production of drugs propranolol and oxprenolol.Профиль безопасности
Confirmed carcinogen with experimental carcinogenic data. Poison by ingestion, skin contact, intravenous, and intraperitoneal routes. Moderately toxic by inhalation. An experimental teratogen. Other experimental reproductive effects. Human systemic effects by inhalation: respiratory, nose, and eyes. Human mutation data reported. A skin and eye irritant. A sensitizer. Flammable liquid when exposed to heat or flame. Explosive reaction with andine. Reaction with trichloroethylene forms the explosive dichloroacetylene. Ignition on contact with potassium tertbutoxide. Violent reaction with sulfuric acid or isopropylamine. Exothermic polymerization on contact with strong acids, caustic alkalies, aluminum, aluminum chloride, iron(II1) chloride, or zinc. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of ClВозможный контакт
Epichlorohydrin, an organochlorine, is used in the manufacture of many glycerol and glycidol derivatives and epoxy resins; as a stabilizer in chlorine-containing materials; as an intermediate in the preparation of cellulose esters and ethers, paints, varnishes, nail enamels, and lacquers; as a cement for celluloid. It is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of various drugs. Increased cancer risk.Канцерогенность
Epichlorohydrin is reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogenbased on sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity from studies in experimental animals.Экологическая судьба
Biological. Bridié et al. (1979) reported BOD and COD values of 0.03 and 1.16 g/g using filtered effluent from a biological sanitary waste treatment plant. These values were determined using a standard dilution method at 20 °C for a period of 5 d. When a sewage seed was used in a separate screening test, a BOD value of 0.16 g/g was obtained. The ThOD for epichlorohydrin is 1.21 g/g.Chemical/Physical. Anticipated products from the reaction of epichlorohydrin with ozone or OH radicals in the atmosphere are formaldehyde, glyoxylic acid, and ClCH2O(O)OHCHO (Cupitt, 1980). Haag and Yao (1992) reported a calculated OH radical rate constant in water of 2.9 x 108/M?sec.
хранилище
Epichlorohydrin is stored in a well-ventilated,cool place isolated from combustible andoxidizable materials, all acids and bases,and anhydrous metal halides. Protect fromphysical damage. It is shipped in metaldrums.Перевозки
UN2023 Epichlorhydrin, Hazard class: 6.1; Labels: 6.1-Poisonous materials, 3-Flammable liquid.Методы очистки
Distil epichlorohydrin under atmospheric pressure, heat it on a steam bath with one-quarter its weight of CaO, then decant and fractionally distil it. [Beilstein 17 V 20.]Несовместимости
May form explosive mixture with air. Slowly decomposes on contact with water. Heat or strong acids; alkalies, metallic halides, or contaminants can cause explosive polymerization. Violent reaction with strong oxidizers, aliphatic amines; alkanolamines, amines (especially aniline), alkaline earths; chemically active metals (chlorides of aluminum, iron zinc); powdered metals (aluminum, zinc); alcohols, phenols, organic acids; causing fire and explosion hazard. Will pit steel in the presence of water. Thermal decomposition forms highly toxic phosgene gas. May accumulate static electrical charges, and may cause ignition of its vapors.Утилизация отходов
Incineration, preferably after mixing with another combustible fuel. Care must be exercised to assure complete combustion to prevent the formation of phosgene. An acid scrubber is necessary to remove the halo acids produced. Consult with environmental regulatory agencies for guidance on acceptable disposal practices. Generators of waste containing this contaminant (≧100 kg/mo) must conform with EPA regulations governing storage, transportation, treatment, and waste disposalЭпихлоргидрин запасные части и сырье
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