CHLORDIAZEPOXIDE HYDROCHLORIDE

Химические свойства

white crystalline powder

Использование

Sedative-hypnotic.

Общее описание

Chlordiazepoxide hydrochloride, 7-chloro-2-(methylamino)-5-phenyl-3H-1,4-benzodiazepine4-oxide monohydrochloride (Librium), is well absorbedafter oral administration. Peak plasma levels are reachedin 2 to 4 hours. The half-life of chlordiazepoxide is 6 to30 hours. N-demethylation and hydrolysis of the condensedamidino group are rapid and extensive, producing demoxepamas a major metabolite. Demoxepam can undergo fourdifferent metabolic fates. It is converted principally to itsactive metabolite nordazepam, which is also a major activemetabolite of diazepam, clorazepate, and prazepam.Nordazepam, in turn, is converted principally to active oxazepam(marketed separately), which conjugated to the excretedglucuronide. Because of the long half-life of parentdrug and its active metabolites, this drug is long acting andself-tapering. As with diazepam (vide infra), repeated administrationof chlordiazepoxide can result in accumulationof parent drug and its active metabolites, and thus cause excessivesedation.

Реакции воздуха и воды

Slightly soluble in water.

Профиль реактивности

Acidic salt of an amine. Materials in this group are generally soluble in water. The resulting solutions contain moderate concentrations of hydrogen ions and have pH's of less than 7.0. They react as acids to neutralize bases. These neutralizations generate heat, but less or far less than is generated by neutralization of inorganic acids, inorganic oxoacids, and carboxylic acid. They usually do not react as either oxidizing agents or reducing agents but such behavior is not impossible.

Опасность

CNS depressant. Manufacture and dosage controlled by law.

Пожароопасность

Flash point data for CHLORDIAZEPOXIDE HYDROCHLORIDE are not available. CHLORDIAZEPOXIDE HYDROCHLORIDE is probably combustible.

Профиль безопасности

Poison by intraperitoneal and intravenous routes. Moderately toxic by ingestion and subcutaneous routes. An experimental teratogen. Experimental reproductive effects. Human systemic effects: ataxia, dlstorted perceptions, hallucinations, somnolence, and surface EEG changes. Mutation data reported. A minor tranquhzer. When heated to decomposition it emits very toxic fumes of HCl and NOx.