ГИДРОКСИЛАМИН
- английское имяHYDROXYLAMINE
- CAS №7803-49-8
- CBNumberCB3345090
- ФормулаH3NO
- мольный вес33.03
- EINECS232-259-2
- номер MDLMFCD00044522
- файл Mol7803-49-8.mol
химическое свойство
| Температура плавления | 7°C |
| Температура кипения | >100 °C |
| плотность | 1.078 g/mL at 25 °C |
| давление пара | 9 mm Hg ( 40 °C) |
| показатель преломления | n |
| RTECS | NC2975000 |
| температура хранения | Store below +30°C. |
| растворимость | Water |
| пка | pK (20°) 7.97 |
| форма | white flakes or needles |
| цвет | white orthorhombic flakes or needles |
| Растворимость в воде | Miscible with water, liquid ammonia and methanol. Slightly miscible with ether, benzene, carbon disulfide and chloroform. |
| Мерк | 13,4853 |
| Стабильность | Stable. Incompatible with oxidizing agents, potassium dichromate, chromium trioxide, zinc, calcium, copper, sodium, ammonia, carbonyls, phosphorus halides, pyridine, hypochlorites. |
| ИнЧИКей | AVXURJPOCDRRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| Справочник по базе данных CAS | 7803-49-8(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| Рейтинг продуктов питания EWG | 5-7 |
| FDA UNII | 2FP81O2L9Z |
| Справочник по химии NIST | Hydroxylamine(7803-49-8) |
| Система регистрации веществ EPA | Hydroxylamine (7803-49-8) |
больше
| Коды опасности | Xn,N | |||||||||
| Заявления о рисках | 5-22-37/38-41-43-48/22-50-40-21/22 | |||||||||
| Заявления о безопасности | 23-26-36/37/39-47-61-22-46 | |||||||||
| РИДАДР | UN 3082 9/PG 3 | |||||||||
| WGK Германия | 3 | |||||||||
| F | 4.8 | |||||||||
| TSCA | Yes | |||||||||
| Класс опасности | 8 | |||||||||
| Группа упаковки | II | |||||||||
| кода HS | 28251090 | |||||||||
| Банк данных об опасных веществах | 7803-49-8(Hazardous Substances Data) | |||||||||
| Токсичность | LD50 i.p. in mice: 1.83 mmol/kg (Smith, Layne) | |||||||||
| NFPA 704: |
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рисовальное письмо(GHS)
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рисовальное письмо(GHS)
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сигнальный язык
опасность
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вредная бумага
H315：При попадании на кожу вызывает раздражение.
H335：Может вызывать раздражение верхних дыхательных путей.
H302：Вредно при проглатывании.
H318：При попадании в глаза вызывает необратимые последствия.
H317：При контакте с кожей может вызывать аллергическую реакцию.
H400：Чрезвычайно токсично для водных организмов.
H351：Предполагается, что данное вещество вызывает раковые заболевания.
H373：Может поражать органы (Нервная система) в результате многократного или продолжительного воздействия при вдыхании.
H290：Может вызывать коррозию металлов.
H208：Опасность пожара; повышенная взрывоопасность при сокращении количества десенсибилизирующего агента.
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оператор предупредительных мер
P210：Беречь от тепла, горячих поверхностей, искр, открытого огня и других источников воспламенения. Не курить.
P212：Избегать нагревания в закрытом пространстве или снижения количества десенсибилизирующего агента.
P230：Смачивать с помощью воды.
P233：Держать в плотно закрытой/герметичной таре.
P280：Использовать перчатки/ средства защиты глаз/ лица.
P305+P351+P338：ПРИ ПОПАДАНИИ В ГЛАЗА: Осторожно промыть глаза водой в течение нескольких минут. Снять контактные линзы, если Вы ими пользуетесь и если это легко сделать. Продолжить промывание глаз.
P371+P380+P375：При масштабном возгорании с участием больших количеств продукта покинуть опасную зону. Тушить с расстояния из-за опасности взрыва.
P501：Удалить содержимое/ контейнер на утвержденных станциях утилизации отходов.
ГИДРОКСИЛАМИН химические свойства, назначение, производство
Описание
Hydroxylamine was first synthesized by Wilhem Clemens Lossen in 1865 in the laboratory of Wilhelm Heinrich Heintz while working in Halle. The Lossen synthesis originally generated hydroxylamine in aqueous solution. Anhydrous hydroxylamine was prepared later by Lobry de Bruyn and Crismer in 1891. The free base is extremely volatile, and industrial-scale production has been fraught with problems, including large explosions at facilities in the United States and Japan. Much of the hydroxylamine produced and transported is in salt form or as a dilute aqueous solution.Химические свойства
slightly yellow liquidФизические свойства
White crystalline solid; orthogonal plates or needles; unstable; density 1.21g/cm3at 20°C; melts at 33°C; vaporizes at 58°C; very soluble in water, liquidammonia and lower alcohols; sparingly soluble in most other organic solvents;decomposes in hot water; pKa5.94 at 25°C.Использование
Hydroxylamine is used as a reducing agent in photography, in synthetic and analytical chemistry, as an antioxidant for fatty acids and soaps, and as a dehairing agent for hides. In addition, hydroxylamine is used in the production of cyclohexanone oxime, an isomer of caprolactam, which is an intermediate in the production of nylon-6. In the semiconductor industry, hydroxylamine can be a component of a solution that dissolves a photoresist following lithography. Hydroxylamine can also be used to selectively cleave asparaginyl-glycine peptide bonds.Определение
ChEBI: The simplest hydroxylamine, consisting of ammonia bearing a hydroxy substituent. It is an intermediate in the biological nitrification by microbes like bacteria.Подготовка
Hydroxylamine is unstable as a free base. It is prepared from hydroxy-lamine hydrochloride, NH2OH?HCl, which is obtained by electrolytic reduc-tion of ammonium chloride solution. The hydrochloride undergoes alkalinedecomposition to hydroxylamine, which is collected by vacuum distillation.Общее описание
Odorless white crystalline solid. Sinks and mixes with water.Реакции воздуха и воды
Decomposes rapidly at room temperature or when dissolved in hot water by internal oxidation-reduction. Reacts with water or steam to produce heat and corrosive liquids.Профиль реактивности
HYDROXYLAMINE is a white solid, thermally unstable, decomposes rapidly at room temperature or when dissolved in hot water by internal oxidation-reduction. HYDROXYLAMINE should be stored below 10° C [Bailar, 1973, vol. 2, p. 272]. Explosive reaction with strong oxidizers (chromium trioxide, potassium dichromate) or powdered zinc upon heat. Reaction with zinc or calcium produces explosive bishydroxylamides. HYDROXYLAMINE ignites on contact with cupric sulfate, alkali metals (sodium, potassium), oxidants (e.g., barium oxide, barium peroxide, lead dioxide, potassium permanganate, chlorine), phosphorus trichloride and pentachloride. HYDROXYLAMINE reacts vigorously with hypochlorites, pyridine, carbonyls [Sax, 9th ed., 1996, p. 1875]. On contact with organic materials in thin layer (e.g., crystals on filter paper), HYDROXYLAMINE may ignite spontaneously in air. HYDROXYLAMINE explodes when heated above 70° C [Brauer, 1963, vol. 1, p. 502]. During a distillation process, an explosion occurred. Potassium hydroxide is thought to be involved in the explosion. Employees in the plant complained of chest pains and suffered chemical burns. Five people were killed by the explosion.Опасность
Decomposes rapidly at room temperature, violently when heated, detonates in flame-heated test tube. Irritant to tissue.Угроза здоровью
INHALATION: Moderately toxic by inhalation and oral routes with the following symptoms possible: headache, vertigo, tinnitus, dyspnea, nausea and vomiting, cyanosis, proteinuria and hematuria, jaundice, restlessness, and convulsion. Methemoglobinemia has been reported. EYES: Corrosive - highly irritating. SKIN: Irritating or corrosive to skin. INGESTION: Moderately toxic by inhalation and oral routes with the following symptoms possible; headache, vertigo, tinnitus, dyspnea, nausea and vomiting, cyanosis, proteinuria and hematuria, jaundice, restlessness, and convulsion. Methemoglobinemia has been reported.Контактные аллергены
Hydroxylamine and its salts are used in various branches of industry, as reducing agents in color film developers or as reagents in laboratories.Канцерогенность
Carcinogenicity of hydroxylamine and its salts has not been demonstrated. Several studies have shown a decreased incidence of spontaneous mammary tumors in mice exposed to the sulfate and hydrochloride.3–7 There was some indication of an increase in the incidence of spontaneous mammary tumors when the sulfate was administered to older animals whose mammary glands were already well developed.Экологическая судьба
The large-scale production and use of hydroxylamine may result in its release to the environment through various waste streams. Hydroxylamine will exist solely as a vapor in the ambient atmosphere, and will be degraded in the atmosphere by reaction with photochemically produced hydroxyl radicals; the half-life for this reaction in air is estimated to be 18 h.Abiotic degradation of hydroxylamine by photochemically produced peroxy radicals is an important environmental fate process in surface waters, with the half-life of the reaction measured at approximately 2 h. An estimated bioconcentration factor of 3 suggests that the potential for bioconcentration in aquatic organisms is low. If released terrestrially, hydroxylamine will most likely exist in its protonated form due to its pKa of 5.94; the protonated form is nonvolatile. Koc estimates of 14 for hydroxylamine suggest that it may have very high mobility in soil.
Методы очистки
Crystallise it from n-butanol at -10o, collect it by vacuum filtration and wash it with cold diethyl ether. Harmful vapours. [Hurd Inorg Synth I 87 1939, Semon in Org Synth Coll Vol I 318 1932.]ГИДРОКСИЛАМИН запасные части и сырье
ГИДРОКСИЛАМИН поставщик
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ГИДРОКСИЛАМИН Обзор)
- Цианамид
- O-бензилгидроксиламин гидрохлорид
- Бензогидроксамова кислота
- Гидрохлорид N-метилгидроксиламина
- Гидроксиламин гидрохлорид
- Cupferron
- 9-Nitroanthracene
- 2-Нитро-9-флуоренон
- Циклогексанон 2,4-динитрофенилгидразон
- 2,7-динитро-9-флуоренон
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