Селамектин

Описание

Selamectin is formulated as a spot-on for cats and dogs to control fleas (Ctenocephalides spp.) and flea-allergy dermatitis, to prevent heartworm disease, and to control ear mites (Otodectes cynotes) in cats and dogs. It is also approved for the treatment and control of sarcoptic mange (Sarcoptes scabiei) in dogs and hookworms (Ancylostoma tubaeformis) and roundworms (Toxocara cati) in cats.

Использование

Selamectin is a topical parasiticide and also used as a veterinary antihelminithic agent on animals.

Опасность

Selamectin is a veterinary drug for the prevention or treatment of internal and external parasites in cats and dogs and is not approved for use in humans. It is a very safe drug, but overdose or accidental exposure may result in poisoning. In rare cases, humans may experience skin reactions such as hives, itching and redness of the skin.

Механизм действия

Selamectin is a semi-synthetic avermectin that belongs to the class of macrolides. These drugs are neurotoxic to the parasite by enhancing glutamate-gated chloride ion channels in the parasite. The parasite becomes paralysed and dies due to increased permeability of chloride ions and hyperpolarisation of nerve cells. These drugs also potentiate other chloride channels, including those gated by gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Mammals are usually unaffected because they lack glutamate-gated chloride channels and have a lower affinity for other mammalian chloride channels. Since these drugs do not normally penetrate the blood-brain barrier, GABA-gated channels in the mammalian CNS are not affected. Following topical administration, Selamectin has a high affinity for sebaceous glands and skin.

Оценка токсичности

Acute oral LD₅₀ for rats: >1,600 mg/kg