Биапенем

Описание

Biapenem was introduced in Japan as a parenteral treatment for bacterial infections. This new 1-β-methylcarbapenem can be prepared by reaction of commercially available 4-nitrobenzyl protected β-methylcarbapenem enolphosphate with mercapto bicyclotriazolium chloride, obtained in 11 steps starting from hydrazine, followed by deprotection of the carboxylic acid function. Biapenem is a bacterial cell wall synthesis inhibitor with a broad spectrum in vitro antibacterial activity encompassing many Gramnegative and Gram-positive aerobic and anaerobic bacteria, including species producing β-lactamases. Like imipenem, biapenem is moderately active against fnferococcus faecalis and E. faecuirn and is inactive against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Biapenem is stable to hydrolysis by human renal dihydropeptidase I (DHP-I) and therefore does not require the coadministration of a DHP-I inhibitor. In clinical trials, biapenem showed good clinical and microbiological efficacy in the treatment of patients with intraabdominal, lower respiratory tract and complicated urinary tract infections. After intravenous administration, the drug is widely distributed, has linear pharmacokinetics and is mainly excreted in the urine with an elimination half-life of approximately 1 h. Biapenem is generally well tolerated, the most common adverse events being skin eruptions/rashes, nausea and diarrhea.

Химические свойства

Off-White Solid

Использование

Biapenem is a carbapenem antibiotic. It has in vitro activity against anaerobes. Biapenem is a new parenteral carbapenem antibacterial agent with a broad spectrum of in vitro antibacterial activity encompassing many Gram-negative and Gram-positive aerobic

Антимикробная активность

A semisynthetic carbapenem with a 2-substituted triazolium moiety. It has broad-spectrum activity against most aerobic and anaerobic Gram-positive and Gram-negative organisms. It is equivalent to, or slightly more active than, imipenem against Gram-negative aerobic bacteria and slightly less active than imipenem against Gram-positive organisms. It is stable to hydrolysis by dehydropeptidase. It is not hydrolyzed by most serine β-lactamases, but like all carbapenems and penems is readily hydrolyzed by carbapenemases. It penetrates into bronchial epithelial lining fluid with peak concentrations of 2.4–4.4 mg/L. The plasma half-life is 1.5–1.9 h. The potential for neurotoxicity is less than that of imipenem.

Клиническое использование

Biapenem is a newer second-generation carbapenem withchemical and microbiological properties similar to those ofmeropenem. Thus, it has broad-spectrum antibacterial activitythat includes most aerobic Gram-negative and Grampositivebacteria and anaerobes. Biapenem is stable toDHP-I67 and resistant to most β-lactamases. It is claimedto be less susceptible to metallo-β-lactamases than eitherimipenem or meropenem. It is not active orally.