Pharmacological effects and applications of 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde

4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde (4-HBA) is a benzoic acid derivative, and some reports have shown that benzaldehyde-related compounds can reduce oxidative stress by inhibiting ROS production after H2O2 treatment. In addition, benzaldehyde reduces inflammatory responses by reducing the expression of VCAM-1, ICAM-1, CD40, phosphorylated NFekB, phosphorylated p38, and HIF-1a. Finally, benzaldehyde is also a potential anticancer drug because it can inhibit cell migration and proliferation.

Treatment of human angiostrongylosis

3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde (3-HBA) and 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (4-HBA) are common benzaldehydes in nature, with a hydroxyl (OH) group at the meta position of the phenolic ring. This OH group has high intracellular antioxidant activity. 3-HBA and 4-HBA are potent free radical inhibitors that exert their effects by activating nitric oxide synthase (NOS) expression and inhibiting oxidative stress. 3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde (3-HBA) and 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde (4-HBA) have been shown to increase intracellular antioxidant activity, vasoprotective efficacy, wound healing, and cell migration.

3-HBA is a natural active compound isolated from Gastrodia elata and is a substrate for aldehyde dehydrogenase in humans. Some studies have shown that 3-HBA plays an important role in resisting oxidative stress, has vasoprotective effects, and has antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains. 4-HBA can promote wound healing, cell migration, and invasion by increasing Src activity. 4-HBA is also a Chinese herbal medicine that can be used to treat headaches, migraines, and neurological disorders. The protective effect of 4-HBA against H2O2-induced oxidative stress was confirmed by the activation of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). In addition, 3-HBA and 4-HBA induced a protective phenotype by regulating apoptosis in A. cantonensis larvae after treatment with excretory-secretory products (ESPs). 3-HBA and 4-HBA are potential therapeutic drugs for the treatment of human angiostrongylosis.

Treatment of cancer

4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde has been patented as a new anti-tumor drug with no side effects. This drug is able to prevent carcinogenesis when used in sufficient amounts. To treat advanced cancer, oncologists should start with a small dose of 4-HBA for cancer patients to avoid severe bleeding of the tumor due to excessive necrosis. Therefore, it is very useful in the treatment of lymphoma and leukemia. Therefore, people with these diseases can receive fairly large doses of the drug.

References:

[1] KUANG-YAO CHEN . 3-Hydroxybenzaldehyde and 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde enhance survival of mouse astrocytes treated with Angiostrongylus cantonensis young adults excretory/secretory products[J]. Biomedical Journal, 2021, 44 6: Pages S258-S266. DOI:10.1016/j.bj.2020.11.008

[2] A Case of Malignant Lymphoma that Healed Completely after Oral Administrations of 4-Hydroxybenzaldehyde[J]. Journal of oncology research, 2018, 24 1. DOI:10.31829/2637-6148/jor2018-1(1)-104.

You may like