PALM OIL

Palm oil is particularly suitable for fried bread, pastries and instant noodles. Margarine made from palm oil is an ideal oil for the production of pastry bread and pastry, i.e., Danish bread and pastries. The fat has high melting point and strong plasticity, and is easy to form a multi-level cake layer in dough. In addition, in the baking process, because the oil is relatively tough and plastic, it cannot melt quickly, and the thin oil layer prevents the evaporation and dissipation of water in the cake, resulting in the separation of the cake layer and a clear and soft layer. In China, palm oil is widely used in food and chemical industry.

1. Application of palm oil in food industry

Palm oil as a edible oil has its unique advantages: only palm oil has moderate unsaturation, does not contain linolenic acid, rich in vitamin E and tocotrienol are natural and efficient antioxidants, which makes palm oil more suitable for frying and barbecue food compared with other fats; It does not polymerize with acids. Palm oil has 50% unsaturated fatty acids, no trans acids, not easy to polymerization with acids; The cost of oil has always been an important consideration for the restaurant industry when choosing oil for frying and grilling. Oil palm is a high-yield perennial oil plant, which can be harvested for about 20 years once planted, and the annual oil production per unit area is much higher than that of other plant oils. The output of palm oil per hectare is 9 to 10 times that of soybean, and the output is relatively stable. The average annual production of 3.5 tons of palm oil and 0.4 tons of palm kernel oil per hectare of land is much higher than that of similar vegetable oils. Therefore, palm oil is the most affordable edible vegetable oil in the world. Because palm oil has these characteristics, it is widely used in the food industry, such as margarine, ghee, cooking oil, confectionery oil and so on.

1) Shortening: Shortening is different from margarine, margarine is 80% oil and 20% water, while shortening is 100% pure oil. There are many types of shortening. Strictly speaking, each type of food requires a special shortening, but there are also general-purpose shortening suitable for a variety of foods, usually used for frying and baking foods, such as chips, cakes, biscuits, sandwiches and breads.

2) margarine: palm oil is suitable for making liquid margarine, palm stearin is more suitable for making solid margarine;

3) Hydrogenated palm oil: hydrogenated palm oil has a wide market in India, Pakistan and the Middle East countries, where it is usually used as a buttermilk product;

4) Frying oil: This is one of the most widely used palm oil in the food industry, mainly because of its good antioxidant properties, in the production of instant noodles in most countries, including China, the vast majority of palm products are used to fry flatbread. In the Chinese market, some fried food with local characteristics also began to use palm products to make; 5) Special fat: Special fat is mainly used in the production of candy, especially chocolate food. Palm oil and palm kernel oil are ideal raw materials for the production of specialized oils, which are fractionated to separate the solid fat from the liquid oil, in which the solid fat can be used to replace the expensive cocoa butter in chocolate; Because its physical properties are very close to cocoa butter, palm kernel stearin is also called "cocoa butter substitute". Liquid oil can be used as cold, cooking or frying oil, its light and refreshing taste.

2. Industrial use of palm oil products

In recent years, the industrial use of palm oil has been rapidly developed. In developed countries, a large number of palm oil is used for industrial purposes, in China, palm industrial products are called "industrial MSG", which shows its wide application. The refined palm oil used in industry requires a melting point of not less than 44 ° C, which is mainly used for the manufacture of soap, stearic acid and glycerin, and the annual demand is basically more than 100,000 tons. In recent years, with the rise in cru de oil prices, the theme of biofuel has been excavated again, palm oil as a biofuel has been found, has become a new growth point for the use of palm oil in the future, many scholars have used palm oil and palm kernel oil to prepare biodiesel, in Europe and Malaysia and other places have been used for industrial production, and there is no comprehensive and in-depth research in China. Palm oil is mainly divided into two categories in industrial application: one can be directly obtained from palm products, such as soap, epoxy palm oil and its polyols, polyurethane and polyacrylate products. The other is oil chemical products, such as fatty acids, esters, fatty alcohols, nitrogen compounds and glycerol, and on the basis of these products, you can also produce a variety of derivative products through different chemical methods. The main raw materials of oil and grease chemical industry are oils and fats rich in carbon chain length of C12-C14 and C16-C18, among which palm kernel oil, palm stearin and palmitic acid are the main raw materials.