Adefovir dipivoxil

$ 1.00 /1KG

Min. Order1G
Purity98%
Cas No142340-99-6
Supply Ability100KG
Update time2019-07-06

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Chemical Properties

Product Name	Adefovir dipivoxil
CAS No	142340-99-6
EC-No
Min. Order	1G
Purity	98%
Supply Ability	100KG
Release date	2019/07/06

AD68

Product Name:	Adefovir dipivoxil
Synonyms:	BIS POM PMEA;BIS(PIVALOYLOXYMETHYL)-9-[2-(PHOSPHONOMETHOXY)ETHYL]ADENINE;9-[2-[bis[(pivaloyloxy)methoxy]phosphinyl]methoxy]ethyl]adenine;ADEFOVIR DIPIVOXIL;ADEFOVIR PIVOXIL;Adefovir Dipivoxyl;Bis(Pivaloyloxymethyl)-9-[(R)-2-(Phosphonomethoxy)Ethyl]Adenine;AdefovirDipivoxl98.5%Min
CAS:	142340-99-6
MF:	C20H32N5O8P
MW:	501.47
EINECS:	200-001-8
Product Categories:	Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients;Adefovir;APIs;Other Products;Bases & Related Reagents;Inhibitors;Intermediates & Fine Chemicals;Nucleotides;Pharmaceuticals;Pharmaceutical raw material;API;Bis-POM PMEA, Preveon, Hepsera
Mol File:	142340-99-6.mol

Adefovir dipivoxil Chemical Properties

Melting point	98-102°C
storage temp.	−20°C
solubility	ethanol: soluble50mg/mL
Merck	14,151
CAS DataBase Reference	142340-99-6(CAS DataBase Reference)

Safety Information

Hazard Codes	Xn
Risk Statements	20/21/22
Safety Statements	36/37
RTECS	UA2459362

MSDS Information

Adefovir dipivoxil Usage And Synthesis

Regulating human immune system	Adefovir dipivoxil regulates the immune system and let the immune system to attack liver cells of the intrusion of HBV , and clear the virus, but this method will develop resistance, at the same time for patients with renal dysfunction or potential renal dysfunction risk, the use of adefovir dipivoxil chronic treatment will lead to renal toxicity. If eating 1 mg every day, in the three months will produce nephrotoxicity, this will lead to severe renal failure. These patients should be closely monitoring renal function and making appropriate dosage adjustments. Bisphosphonates is quick conversion of adefovir dipivoxil in vivo, adefovir dipivoxil is a kind of single adenosine monophosphate acyclic nucleoside analogues, became to activity of the metabolites of adefovir in cellular kinases by phosphorylation in cellular kinases. A Duff Vee two phosphate through the following two ways to suppress HBV DNA polymerase (reverse transcriptase); one is with the natural substrate of deoxyadenosine triphosphate competition, the second is the integration of viral DNA and induce DNA chain elongation terminated. A Duff Vee two phosphate to HBV DNA polymerase inhibition constant (KI) is 0.1μM, but of human DNA polymeraseα and γ is weak and Ki values were 1.18μM and 0.97 μM. Anti-viral activity: in the human hepatoma cell line transfected with HBV, the concentration of A Duff Vee inhibited 50% viral DNA replication (IC50) is from 0.2 to 2.5uM. Adefovir dipivoxil applies for the treatment of hepatitis B virus replication activity and serum amino acid transfer enzyme and persistently elevated liver decompensation adult patients with chronic hepatitis B patients. Liver injury is often encountered in the course of hepatitis B treatment, hepatitis B therapy is inappropriate, as well as long-term use of drugs on the liver damage, will lead to the occurrence of liver damage. After long-term taking adefovir dipivoxil tablets, once the withdrawal will aggravate the damage of liver function. Therefore, for stopping taking the patients should be monitored for liver function. Adefovir dipivoxil is more moderate suitable for long-term use, suitable for patients with lamivudine resistant patients, their chances of producing drug resistance is small, because the amount is less, side effects are small. Entecavir is new, antiviral effect is also strong, if not treated with lamivudine, the possible resistance is the smallest, but it and lamivudine have cross resistance, if treated with lamivudine to take entecavir produced resistance rate is much greater. The above information is Chemicalbook Hanya edited.
Entecavir	Entecavir is a new generation of guanine nucleoside analogues oral medicine for treatment of hepatitis B virus infection in, mainly for the treatment of adult patients with viral replication activity and serum transaminase continued to increase, or liver tissue for pathological activity of chronic hepatitis B, is currently down virus the fastest and the most powerful, the mutation rate lowest nucleoside analogues. Data show that different in patients with chronic hepatitis B, including nucleoside naive and nucleoside treated and liver cirrhosis patients, using well entecavir tablets in the treatment can control the disease rapidly and easily reach the treatment of reality end, namely the hepatitis B virus unmeasured; through adherence to treatment, a considerable portion of patients can be arrived at the end of treatment satisfaction, namely e antigen serology conversion, some patients can even reach the ideal for the treatment of end, namely surface antigen negative.
Nephrotoxicity	Nephrotoxicity is the most interesting problem in the clinical application of adefovir dipivoxil. In the global phase III clinical study and follow-up study, the general definition of renal toxicity to confirm≥0.5 mg/dL, increase serum creatinine compared with the baseline, and serum phosphorus <1.5mg/dl; the three years data show that HBeAg positive patients treat 144 weeks in no cases of renal toxicity; HBeAg negative patients are 3 cases (2.4%), appeared serum creatinine increasing, but not with phosphorus decreased subsequently (2 cases of drug withdrawal, 1 case to continue the medication) indexes returned to normal. For patients with chronic hepatitis B in liver transplantation, before and after transplantation taking adefovir dipivoxil, a part increase serum creatinine, but mostly with other multiple risk factors, such as the use of immunosuppressive agents and (or) other nephrotoxic drugs, leading to potential renal damage. In the these, many patients before treatment, most of them in the dose adjustment can still safe to use, about 2% of the patients have severe renal impairment and discontinuation.196 cases of YMDD positive chronic hepatitis B patients after transplantation, proportion of renal toxicity in receiving adefovir dipivoxil in the treatment is 13%, but these patients received cyclosporine or tacrolimus treatment, of which 13 cases had existed before the treatment of complications. 8 cases had renal insufficiency, 4 patients with decompensated cirrhosis, 2 cases received other nephrotoxic drugs treatment. Therefore, based in compensated chronic hepatitis B patients up to 3 years of research results, and in patients with liver transplantation results show that adefovir dipivoxil 10mg/d safety and placebo groups are similar, have no clinically significant renal events. There are patients with renal damage caused by drug taking at the same time, should close monitoring indexes of renal function during the medication use and before, and used with caution; according to creatinine clearance rate (ml/min) to adjust the dosing interval of patients with impaired renal function.
Lamivudine	Lamivudine is a new antiviral drug, belonging to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, having a strong inhibitory effect in vitro and animal experimental infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV), can inhibit the synthesis of HIV virus; the drug produced by the GlaxoSmithKline Co. In the early 90s, they are used for the treatment of AIDS drugs in Europe and North American countries. In the middle of the 1990 medical experts found that they have inhibition to hepatitis B virus DNA, in 1998 the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved the first drug for treatment of hepatitis B treatment. In China, the State Food and Drug Administration approved the drug import mainly used as medicine in the treatment of hepatitis B, Chinese product name as "He Puding". In 1999, officially began on the mainland. Chinese sold after 10 years of clinical verification, lamivudine is the only proven to delay Hepatitis cirrhosis progress, fewer side effects, less cost of medication, currently has 2 million of the country's hepatitis B patients are using. Lamivudine can be metabolized to lamivudine three phosphate in HBV infection cells and normal cells, it is the active form of lamivudine, both inhibitors of HBV polymerase, and is polymerase substrate. Lamivudine three phosphate incorporation into viral DNA chain, can block the synthesis of viral DNA, and does not interfere with normal cell deoxynucleoside metabolism, having weak inhibition to mammalian DNA polymerase alpha and beta, almost no effect on mammalian cell DNA content, and without obvious toxicity to the structure of mitochondria, content and function of DNA. For Serum HBV-DNA detection results of most hepatitis B patients showed that lamivudine can rapidly inhibit the replication of HBV, its inhibitory effect lasted for the entire treatment process. At the same time the serum transaminase decreased to normal, long-term use can significantly improve the liver necrosis and inflammatory changes in relieve or prevent liver fibrosis.
Appearance Properties	White to white crystalline powder.
Side Effects	The following adverse reactions are often appearing, such as fatigue, headache, abdominal pain, nausea, flatulence, diarrhea and indigestion; Can produce nephrotoxicity. Therefore, when taking adefovir dipivoxil, should close observation of renal function, especially those that already exist in patients with kidney disease; Can cause blood lactic acid in the body, so that the body acid-base balance disorders, resulting in metabolic disorders; After stopping the drug, can cause hepatitis exacerbations, liver enlargement, liver area pain and so on.
matters need attention	1.Patients stop treating hepatitis B can occur acute exacerbation of hepatitis, including the cessation of the use of adefovir dipivoxil. So, stopping the treatment of hepatitis B patients should be monitored for liver function, if necessary, should reanti-hepatitis B therapy. 2. Adefovir dipivoxil has slight kidney toxicity and before taking general medicine, should check renal function,and check for many times. For patients with renal dysfunction or potential renal dysfunction risk, should closely monitor renal function and serum phosphorus changes and according to the patient's age, weight and creatinine level calculated creatinine clearance rate, and creatinine clearance rate of appropriate dose adjustments. We should avoid as far as possible taking injection or other nephrotoxic drugs at the same time. 3. The use of anti hepatitis B therapy with adefovir dipivoxil, will have an effect on the chronic hepatitis B patients, who carrying the unknown or untreated HIV, may be HIV drug resistance. Before treatment, all patients should be taken for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody test. 4. Hepatitis B patients during antiviral therapy, taking the single with nucleoside analogues or in combination with other anti retroviral drugs will lead to lactic acidosis and severe associated with steatosis of hepatomegaly, including fatal events. 5.Because the risk of developing human embryos is not clear, it is proposed that the treatment of women of childbearing age should take effective contraceptive measures. For already pregnant patients with hepatitis B should be in under the guidance of professional doctors consider to stop drug.
Treatment of chronic hepatitis B can cause severe renal dysfunction	American scholar's research shows that the treatment of adefovir dipivoxil (ADV) is an independent predictor of severe renal dysfunction in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), for receiving the ADV treatment of patients with renal function monitoring, especially in the elderly, the baseline impairment of renal function or high blood pressure, diabetes patients. The study published in magazine of liver disease. ADV can cause renal dysfunction, but the occurrence rate and clinical significance are no long-term follow-up studies, nor clinical trials outside data. The study evaluate the clinical practice in ADV treatment caused the incidence and severity of renal dysfunction in patients with CHB. Two community health center of 290 cases of CHB patients were enrolled, the 145 cases of ADV (10 mg) received treatment, 145 patients did not receive ADV treatment and baseline characteristics of the two groups were similar, men accounted for 76.5%, baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (EGFR) >50ml/min, baseline serum creatinine is 0.97~DL 0.99mg/, baseline creatinine clearance rate was 5.0~85.4ml/min. The incidence of ADV group of renal dysfunction (eGFR≤50ml/min) rate for 5 cases per 100 patients per year and the untreated group of 136 cases per 100 patients per year (P = 0.02), the relative risk is 3.68. ADV is significant predictors of risk factors of severe renal dysfunction (HR) =3.49, P = 0.03], age > 50 years old (HR=3.49, P = 0.087), baseline with mild renal impairment (HR=2.36, P = 0.074) for the 3.68.ADV, hypertension and (or) diabetes (HR=2.36, P = 0.074) and other factors increase trend of kidney damage.
Curative effect of treating chronic hepatitis B	There are at least 350 million people infected with hepatitis B virus (HBV) in the world. Hepatitis B treatment key to success is whether durable suppression of viral replication. α-interferon antiviral and immunomodulatory effects, clear effect, but its withdrawal after sustained response problems and more adverse reactions and injection therapy limits the clinical application. Adefovir dipivoxil is a new anti HBV drugs, due to less side effects of the drug, medication convenience and other advantages, so since birth it has been paid great attention. It is mainly used for the treatment of active viral, e antigen (HBeAg) positive chronic hepatitis B patients. And recently published in < New England Journal of Medicine > a report display, adefovir dipivoxil in HBeAg negative chronic hepatitis B patients were equally effective and long-term use can make curative effect has remained unchanged. In order to clarify the efficacy of chronic hepatitis B with negative e antigen and to prolong the duration of the drug, the researchers did the following experiments. Research process adopts the comparative method, the first step is that 185 HBeAg negative chronic hepatitis B patients were divided into two groups, the first group of 123 people, took adefovir dipivoxil of 10 mg/time/d; the second group of 62 people a day took the same dose of placebo, the treatment lasted for 48 weeks. The second step is after 48 weeks of treatment, received adefovir dipivoxil were randomly divided into two groups. One group continued taking, after treatment of the 96 weeks to continue treatment, and the remaining patients take placebo. Patients who taking placebo at the beginning, be substituted with adefovir dipivoxil. Results of the study showed that patients having been accepted for the treatment, medication 96 weeks and 144 weeks later, the amount of virus in the serum are significantly decreased. Treatment to the 96 week, 71% of the patients with viral levels below 1000 copies per milliliter; and after 144th week, 79% of the patients in vivo virus level below 1000 copies per milliliter. But patients after treatment of 144 weeks, have the emergence of low virus resistance. After 48 weeks, patients stopped the treatment and the therapeutic effect of most people disappeared, the virus also returned to the original level. To the 96 weeks and only 8% of patients with viral levels less than 1000 copies per milliliter, and until the 49 weeks to the 144th week, side effects are similar to the beginning of the 48 week, 144 weeks later, 5.9% of patients appear resistant mutations in the virus.
Uses	Has a broad spectrum of antiviral activity, can be used for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B.
Chemical Properties	White Solid
Uses	Adefovir Dipivoxil(Preveon, Hepsera) works by blocking reverse transcriptase, an enzyme that is crucial for the hepatitis B virus (HBV) to reproduce in the body. It is approved for the treatment of chronic hepatitis B in adults with evidence of active vir
Uses	A nucleotide analog, useful as an oral reverse transcriptase inhibitor (ntRTI).