| Chemical properties |
It appears as white crystal powder, having slightly special odor. It is slightly soluble in water, being soluble in alcohol, ether and chloroform. |
| Production method |
It is derived from the esterification between p-hydroxybenzoic acid and butanol. Butanol and p-hydroxybenzoic acid are heated together for being dissolved, slowly added dropwise of sulfuric acid, continue the refluxing for 8h. After cooling, add 4% sodium carbonate solution, separate the water layer, steam out the butanol, let it cool, filter to obtain the crude product, and then carry out ethanol recrystallization (solubility in ethanol: 200g/100ml).
Take sulfuric acid as a catalyst; derive it from the reaction between p-hydroxybenzoic acid and butanol. |
| Uses |
1. Butylparaben can be used for the antibacterial and anticorrosion of drugs, cosmetics and food.
2. As a kind of preservative; Because of the low solubility in water, Butylparaben is usually prepared into ethanol solution, acetic acid solution or sodium hydroxide solution. To improve the solubility, several different esters are often used. For example, three parts of isobutyl, four parts of isopropyl and three parts of butyl are formulated as a co-soluble mixture and the mixture is used as an oil-in-water emulsifier. This preparation is easy to use in soy sauce and other foods, the solubility of butyl ester alone can be increased by 2 to 3 times. For soy sauce, 5% sodium hydroxide solution can be added to the goods of 20% to 25%, and then slowly added to the sauce having been heated to about 80 ℃. Acetic acid solution or ester type emulsifier can also be used. The usage amount of anti-mold soy sauce is 0.05~0.10g/L. Vinegar can be used in acetic acid or sodium hydroxide solution. Soft drinks can be used in the solution of sodium hydroxide, but usually used in combination with benzoic acid and dehydroacetic acid.
3. Used as organic synthesis intermediates; the anti-corrosion additives of medicine, food, cosmetics, film and high-grade products; reagents. Being used as germicide preservative of food is Butylparaben's major application. In the p-hydroxybenzoic acid esters, it can give the strongest anti-corrosion bactericidal effect. Because of its poor water solubility, it is often used with other esters in combination.
4. For preservatives and disinfectants |
| Toxicity |
ADI is subject to postponed decision (FAO/WHO, 2001).
LD50: 16.0 g/kg (mouse, subcutaneous injection).
Mice subjecting to short-term toxicity test have gotten inhibited weight increase. There have been reports regarding to the acute dermatitis for human beings. In the p-hydroxybenzoic acid esters, this product gives the best anti-corrosion effect, but also the largest toxicity. |
| Content analysis |
2g (accurate to 0.1mg) was taken and dried in silica gel for 5h before being transferred to the flask. Add 40 mL of 1mol/L of sodium hydroxide, flush flasks with water. Cover the surface of the dish and apply a small fire to boil 1h before cooling. Add 5 drops of bromothymol blue solution (TS-56), titrate the excess sodium hydroxide with 1 mol/L sulfuric acid, and make the color of the solution consistent with the buffer containing the same indicator (pH 6.5). Carry out a blank test at the same time and make the necessary calibration. 1ml/L sodium hydroxide per milliliter corresponds to the 194.2 mg of this product (C11H14O3). |
| Usage limit |
Japan (1998, calculated on p-hydroxybenzoic acid; the data in parentheses is the amount converted into equivalent amount of this product, g/ kg), soy sauce 0.25 g/L (0.35 g/L), vinegar 0.1 g/L (0.14 g/L); Soft drinks and syrup: 0.1 (0.14); fruit sauce: 0.2 (0.28); fruits and vegetables 0.012 (0.016). |
| Hazards & Safety Information |
Category :Toxic substances
Toxic classification: poisoning
Acute toxicity: Oral-mouse LD50: 13200 mg/kg; celiac-mouse LD50: 230 mg/kg
Stimulation Data: Skin-Guinea Pig 5%/48 hours Mild
Flammability and Hazardous characteristics: Thermal decomposition; pungent irritation Smoke
Storage and transportation characteristics: Treasury: ventilated, low temperature and dry
Fire extinguishing agent: water, dry powder, foam, carbon dioxide |
| Chemical Properties |
white crystalline powder |
| Uses |
An antimicrobial |
| Uses |
antifungal, preservative |
| General Description |
Odorless white crystals or crystalline powder. Tasteless, but numbs the tongue. Aqueous solutions slightly acidic to litmus. |
| Air & Water Reactions |
Insoluble in water. |
| Reactivity Profile |
Butylparaben is incompatible with strong oxidizing agents and strong caustics. |
| Fire Hazard |
Flash point data for Butylparaben are not available; however, Butylparaben is probably combustible. |
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