4-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinooxy, commonly abbreviated as 4-Hydroxy-TEMPO or simply TEMPOL, is a stable nitroxyl radical and a derivative of the piperidine family. It is widely used as a radical scavenger, an antioxidant, and in various chemical and biological applications.
Chemical Structure and Properties
Chemical Formula: C9H18NO2
Molecular Weight: 172.25 g/mol
Structure: The chemical structure of 4-Hydroxy-TEMPO consists of a piperidine ring substituted with four methyl groups at the 2, 2, 6, and 6 positions, a hydroxyl group (-OH) at the 4th position, and a nitroxyl radical (N-O•).
Appearance: It typically appears as an orange to red crystalline solid.
Solubility: Soluble in organic solvents like ethanol, methanol, and chloroform; slightly soluble in water.
Stability: As a stable nitroxyl radical, 4-Hydroxy-TEMPO is relatively stable under normal conditions but should be protected from excessive light and heat.
Applications of 4-Hydroxy-TEMPO
1. Antioxidant and Radical Scavenger
2. Catalysis
3. Research and Development
4. Therapeutic Potential
Safety and Handling
Toxicity: While 4-Hydroxy-TEMPO is generally considered safe at low concentrations, it can be toxic at higher doses or with prolonged exposure. Proper safety measures should be taken when handling it.
Handling: Use personal protective equipment such as gloves and safety glasses. Work in a well-ventilated area to avoid inhalation of dust or vapors.
Storage: Store in a cool, dry place, away from direct sunlight and sources of heat. Keep the container tightly closed when not in use to prevent degradation.
Summary
4-Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinooxy (4-Hydroxy-TEMPO) is a stable nitroxyl radical with a wide range of applications, including as an antioxidant, a catalyst in organic synthesis, and a spin label in research. Its stability and unique chemical properties make it valuable in both industrial and scientific contexts, with ongoing research into its potential therapeutic uses.
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